Isocitrate-Dehydrogenase (IDH1) as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Patients with a Diagnosis of Diffuse Glioma from the department of Cauca, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.344Keywords:
Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma, Glioma, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, MutationAbstract
Introduction: Gliomas, neoplasms of the central nervous system, are associated with high mortality and morbidity; the IDH1 gene mutation, particularly R132H, is a key diagnostic and prognostic marker in these neoplasms. Despite the relevance of gliomas in Colombia, research on the relationship between IDH1 mutation and overall survival is scarce.
Objectives: To identify the R132H mutation of the IDH1 gene in patients with gliomas from two healthcare institutions and to analyze its relationship with histological grade and survival.
Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients diagnosed with gliomas between 2015 and 2021. Clinical and sociodemographic data were obtained from medical records, and the R132H-IDH1 mutation was identified by immunohistochemistry. Overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.
Results: of the 75 patients diagnosed with gliomas, 40 were selected; 41.7% were male. Twelve cases were positive for R132H-IDH1. Median survival was 23.2 months in mutated cases and 3.8 months in non-mutated cases.
Conclusions: The R132H-IDH1 mutation is associated with longer survival, although to a lesser extent than previously reported, and serves as a useful prognostic marker for therapeutic guidance.
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