Metabolic syndrome prevalence in El Retiro, Colombia

Abstract

Objetive: to establish the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components using ATPIII criteria in the urban population of El Retiro, located in the Antioquia department, in the northwestern region of Colombia.

Materials and methods: 381 subjects were evaluated from the total population older than 20, by means of a random conglomerate sampling. A systematic interview was answered, and records of blood pressure taken in the right arm in sitting position, weight in kilograms, height in centimeters and circumference of waist and hip were taken. In 365 subjects, glycemia, total cholesterol, triglicerides and HDL cholesterol were determined in the fasting state. LDL cholesterol was determined using the Fridewald formula. The statistical analysis was made using EPI-INFO and STATA 6.0, with significant p value < 0.05.

Results: for each one of the factors, the prevalence adjusted to age was as follows: hyperglycemia (Glycemia>110 mg/dl or previous diabetes) 12.5%, hypertriglyceridemia (TG>150 mg/dl) 32.16%, low HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dl) 38.87%, hypertension (BAP>130/85 mmHg or previous hypertension 48.58%, waist circumference (M>102 cm, F>88 cm) 27.6%. The age adjusted prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, using the criteria of ATP III because of the presence of three or mores of its components was 23.64%.

Conclusions: there is a high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in El Retiro, Antioquia. Due to its impact in the health of the general population and because the cornerstone of its treatment is weight loss and increased physical activity, these activities should be proposed to reach therapeutically goals.