Fuerzas de atracción y repulsión en superconductores YBCO texturizados y sinterizados: un estudio comparativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20191044Palabras clave:
investigación aplicada, temperatura, mediciónResumen
En este artículo medimos las fuerzas de atracción (suspensión) y repulsión (levitación) producidas por la interacción entre un imán permanente y diferentes superconductores. Las medidas de la fuerza de interacción HTS-PM fueron realizadas en un dispositivo sencillo, confiable y de bajo costo. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados utilizando el Modelo de Estado-Crítico propuesto por Bean bajo la suposición de un campo magnético uniforme aplicado al superconductor. Se utilizaron dos muestras superconductoras de YBa2Cu3O7-δ preparadas por el método de reacción de estado sólido (S) y por el método de texturizado y fundido (MTG). Las muestras presentaron diferente comportamiento de histéresis en los regímenes de field cooling (FC) y zero field cooling (ZFC). Los fenómenos de levitación y suspensión se observaron en la muestra MTG; sin embargo, la muestra sinterizada con deficiencias de oxígeno ( ) sólo mostró una ligera fuerza de levitación, aunque no de suspensión, esta última propiedad atribuida a un anclaje del flujo magnético más eficiente. Se determinó la densidad de corriente crítica en ambas muestras a partir del máximo gap de la fuerza ( ) en el régimen FC. Los valores obtenidos están entre 43.00 A/cm2 y 2,758 A/cm2 para la muestra sinterizada y MTG respectivamente. Las diferencias observadas entre las dos muestras coinciden con las determinadas a partir de medidas de magnetización, lo cual indica que estas medidas podrían utilizarse para una rápida caracterización de muestras superconductoras policristalinas.
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