Metodologías para pruebas de combustibles jet alternativos en motores a reacción a pequeña escala
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20240836Palabras clave:
Combustibles alternativos, micro-turbinas, emisiones gaseosas, rendimiento de motor, técnicas experimentalesResumen
La industria de la aviación reconoce cada vez más que lograr la neutralidad climática se está convirtiendo en un activo fundamental para la competitividad a largo plazo. A la luz de esto, este documento proporciona una revisión exhaustiva de las metodologías utilizadas para probar combustibles jet alternativos (AJF) en la aviación, que son fuentes de energía renovable con el potencial de reemplazar los combustibles derivados del petróleo. Se presentan los tipos de AJF probados, con un enfoque en la distinción entre los combustibles ’drop-in’ y otros. El artículo encapsula los resultados de estas pruebas, particularmente en lo que respecta a los aspectos de rendimiento y emisiones de los biojets, y su impacto en los materiales y componentes del motor. Se describe el equipo y las técnicas utilizadas en estas pruebas, destacando las ventajas de usar
ensambles con motores o combustores en miniatura para una evaluación preliminar más rápida, fácil y rentable
de los combustibles biojet. El artículo también aborda futuras direcciones de investigación, como investigar
los impactos a largo plazo en la vida útil y el mantenimiento del motor, y la posibilidad de aumentar la
proporción de mezcla con el combustible convencional. Por último, proporciona una visión general de la
situación en Colombia, donde se ha probado el biodiésel de aceite de palma, y señala la necesidad de realizar
más investigaciones sobre otros tipos de biojets para la aviación.
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