Clinical and radiographic evaluation of implantsupported mandibular overdentures subjected to immediate loading. a 36-month follow-up
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v30n1a2Keywords:
Edentulous maxilla, Implants, Osseointegration, Peri-implantitis, Edentulous jaw, Bone resorptionAbstract
Introducción: el objetivo de este estudio consistió en evaluar clínica y radiográficamente, después de 36 meses de función, 54 implantes colocados en el maxilar inferior y rehabilitados con sobredentaduras bajo el protocolo de carga inmediata, utilizando un sistema de retención tipo bola. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo que consideró 27 pacientes totalmente desdentados que fueron evaluados en un seguimiento a 36 meses, luego de haber recibido cada uno dos implantes de conexión interna, instalados en la región interforaminal del maxilar inferior. Los implantes fueron evaluados en términos de supervivencia, cantidad de pérdida ósea periimplantar, estado de los tejidos periimplantares, comportamiento de la prótesis y grado de satisfacción de los pacientes. Resultados: la tasa de supervivencia a los 36 meses fue de 98,1%, el promedio de pérdida ósea radiográfica fue de 0,45 mm (DE 0,6); se presentó un nivel de placa bajo y el promedio de profundidad al sondaje fue de 1,75 ± 0,75 mm. El 57% de las prótesis presentaron retención activa. El 43% no presentó retención, o su retención estaba dada por uno solo de sus elementos. El 53,8% de las sobredentaduras se encontraron estables. Un alto porcentaje de los pacientes manifestaron satisfacción total. Conclusión: a 36 meses de observación, una sobredentadura mandibular retenida por pilares en bola colocada sobre dos implantes no ferulizados y cargados inmediatamente es un tratamiento predecible en pacientes con desdentación total inferior, con una alta tasa de supervivencia de los implantes, bajos niveles de pérdida ósea periimplantar y alto grado de satisfacción de los pacientes.
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