Selección apropiada de los biomateriales dentales restauradores
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.24478Keywords:
Biomateriales, Biomateriales dentales, RestauraciónAbstract
La atención odontológica restauradora cotidiana ha estado tradicionalmente relacionada con la restitución de la estructura dental pérdida por enfermedad o trauma. Como consecuencia, se han desarrollado de manera espectacular la tecnología y las técnicas para el reemplazo de los tejidos duros dentales. Parte importantísima de este proceso es la investigación e implementación continua de nuevos materiales restauradores, así como la modificación y mejoramineto de los ya existentes, en busca del material restaurador ideal. Los biomateriales restauradores son sometidos a exigencias de variada indole. Se propone agruparlas en tres categorias interrelacionadas: (1) Biológicas, correspondientes a a aceptación del material por el organismo, en razón de la composición del material, o de sus caracteristicas; (2) Fisico-químicas, que hacen referencia a la capacidad del material para resistir sin deterioro significativo las condiciones bucales, y (3) Sociales, relacionadas con la pertinencia, disponibilidad, estética, facilidad de uso, costo y margen de utilidad, entre otras. Solo a través de la contrastación entre las necesidades reales de los pacientes y las características de los materiales disponibles puede establecerse racionalmente la indicación de un material para cada situación específica, considerando siempre que no existe el material ideal, y que el mejor disponible es el tejido dentario.
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