Oral health status in smokers and non-smokers who consult the dental service of a teaching-service institution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v37n2e353705Keywords:
smoking habit, smoking behaviors, oral health, adultsAbstract
Introduction: Smoking is a habit considered addictive and kills more than 7 million people worldwide each year. It increases the risk of systemic and oral diseases. It causes irritation and dryness of the oral mucosa and creates a predisposition to infectious and chronic diseases. The objective was to compare certain aspects of oral health according to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in smoking and non-smoking patients in the dental department of a teaching institution between 2019 and 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 109 patient histories of patients who received dental care at the Visión de las Américas University Institution. Selection criteria included patients over 18 years of age with a clinical history including sociodemographic and clinical variables such as the number of healthy, decayed, filled, and missing teeth. To explore the relationship between variables, the Chi-square test was calculated. Results: The prevalence of smokers was 33.0 %. Differences (p= 0.023) were found by sex and age. Statistically significant differences (p≤ 0.005) were found: 87.5 % of those with palatal changes smoked, as did those with a fair oral prognosis. Those who smoked had a higher average number of missing teeth, while those who did not smoke had a slightly higher average number of healthy, decayed, and filled teeth, as well as a higher plaque index. Conclusion: Almost a third of the sample smokes, and this habit is related to gender, palatal changes, and a fair prognosis in oral health and by site.
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