Prevalence, severity, and risk factors associated with Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in children aged 5 to 12 years in the Amaguaña parish, Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v37n2e359420Keywords:
prevalence, severity, risk factors, dental enamel hypomineralizationAbstract
Introduction: Molar-Incisal Hypomineralization (MIH) has become a public oral health concern in recent decades. This condition manifests as an enamel anomaly with multifactorial causes, associated with maternal and child diseases. From moderate degrees, porosities are distinguished that cause hypersensitivity and this leads to poor oral hygiene, which favors the accumulation of biofilm triggering dental caries that could mask MIH. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, severity, and risk factors associated with MIH in an Ecuadorian population. Methods: A cross-sectional study in a sample of 290 children who underwent oral examinations and their 290 mothers who were administered a validated questionnaire; this was calculated using point estimates, confidence intervals, Student t-tests, Chi-square tests and Odds Ratio; with a significance level of 5 %. Results: 23.45 % of children presented MIH with a mild severity level and white coloration, occurring mostly in children aged 8 to 10 years. An association was detected between the mother's illness (p < 0.01), between the mother's antibiotic use and the presence of MIH in the child(p = 0.003). It was also found associated with respiratory diseases (p < 0.01), episodes of high fever (p < 0.01), antibiotic use by the child (p = 0.001), and the presence of measles, chickenpox, or rubella (p = 0.005). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence and low severity of MIH in the parish of Amaguaña, and it is related to various pre and postnatal causes.
Downloads
References
BandeiraLopes L, Machado V, Botelho J, Haubek D. Molar-incisor hypomineralization: an umbrella review. Acta Odontol Scand. 2021; 79(5): 359-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00016357.2020.1863461
Khazaei Y, Harris CP, Heinrich J, Standl M, Kühnisch J. Association study on nutrition in the first year of life and Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH): results from the GINIplus and LISA Birth Cohort Studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(21): 11411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111411
Lygidakis NA, Garot E, Somani C, Taylor GD, Rouas P, Wong FSL. Best clinical practice guidance for clinicians dealing with children presenting with molar‐incisor‐hypomineralisation (MIH): an updated European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry policy document. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2022; 23: 3-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-021-00668-5
Kevrekidou A, Kosma I, Kotsanos I, Nikolaos Arapostathis K, Kotsanos N. Enamel opacities in all other than Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation index teeth of adolescents. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2020; 31(2): 270–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12735
Mazur M, Corridore D, Ndokaj A, Ardan R, Vozza I, Babajko S. MIH and dental caries in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare. 2023; 11(12): 1795. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121795
Zhinin León NC, Guachún Condo EI, Cárdenas Vidal FL. Factores asociados a la etiología de la Hipomineralización Incisivo Molar: revisión de literatura. RSD. 2023; 12(6): e22512642147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42147
Jurlina D, Uzarevic Z, Ivanisevic Z, Matijevic N, Matijevic M. Prevalence of Molar–Incisor Hypomineralization and caries in eight-year-old children in Croatia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(17): 6358. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176358
Ghanim A, Sílva MJ, Elfrink MEC, Lygidakis NA, Mariñ RJ, Weerheijm LK. Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) training manual for clinical field surveys and practice. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2017; 18: 225–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-017-0293-9
Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Villanueva-Gutierrez T, Castano-Seiquer A, Molina-Frechero N, Zepeda-Zepeda M, Sánchez-Pérez L. Evaluating the changes in molar incisor hypomineralization prevalence: A comparison of two cross-sectional studies in two elementary schools in Mexico City between 2008 and 2017. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2020; 6: 82–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.252
Brejawi MS, Venkiteswaran A, Ergieg SMo, Sabri B. Prevalence and severity of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation in children in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2023; 24(2): 139-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2023.1646
Joshi T, Rahman A, Rienhoff S, Rienhoff J, Stamm T, Bekes K. Impact of molar incisor hypomineralization on oral health–related quality of life in 8–10‐year‐old children. Clin Oral Investig. 2022; 26(2): 1753–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-04150-w
Chávez Jaramillo N, Pérez Granja M. Prevalencia de Hipomineralización Incisivo-Molar (HIM) en niños entre 9-12 años de edad pertenecientes a dos escuelas de Quito, Ecuador; entre febrero y marzo de 2018. Odontoinvestigación. 2020; 6(1): 46-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18272/oi.v6i1.1627
Pineda Bonilla SG, Cabrera Arias A. Severidad de hipomineralización incisivo molar (HIM) y su relación con caries dental en niños. MetroCiencia. 2020; 28(4): 42-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47464/MetroCiencia/vol28/4/2020/42-51
Miranda-Arce AM, Zambrano-Cedeño L, García-Parrales E, Fienco-Calderón N, Santos-Zambrano TB, Fimia-Duarte R. Prevalencia de hipomineralización incisivo molar en un grupo de niños manabitas, Ecuador. The Biologist. 2020; 18(1): 75-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24039/rtb2020181471
Velásquez Baena L, Restrepo Restrepo M, Mejía Roldán JD. Restauraciones indirectas para el manejo de la Hipomineralización de Molares e Incisivos: un abordaje conservador. Revista de Odontopediatría Latinoamericana. 2023; 13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47990/alop.v13i.584
Brzovic Rajic V, Modric VE, Ivanisevic Malcic A, Gorseta K, Karlovic Z, Verzak Z. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Children with Intellectual Disabilities. Dent J. 2021; 9(2): 21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/dj9020021
Biondi AM, Cortese SG, Babino L, Toscano MA. Molar incisor hypomineralization: analysis of asymmetry of lesions. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2019; 32(1): 44-9.
Bandeira Lopes L, Machado V, Mascarenhas P, Mendes JJ, Botelho J. The prevalence of molar‐incisor hypomineralization: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (22405). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01541-7
Mejía JD, Restrepo M, González S, Álvarez LG, Santos-Pinto L, Escobar A. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Colombia: prevalence, severity and associated risk factors. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2019; 43(3): 185-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-43.3.7
Argote Quispe DM, Perona Miguel de Priego G, León Manco RA, Palma Portaro C. Molar incisor hypomineralization: prevalence and severity in schoolchildren of Puno, Peru. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2021; 39(3): 246-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_460_20
Abdalla HE, Abuaffa AH, Musakulu Kemole A. Molar incisor hypomineralization, prevalence, pattern and distribution in Sudanese children. BMC Oral Health. 2021; 21(9). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01383-1
Barcellos Rédua R, Bridi Valentin F, de Souza Campos F, Marques Serrão K, de Macedo Bernandino Í. Prevalencia de Hipomineralización Molar-Incisica (HMI) en niños brasileños y asociación con enfermedades respiratorias o nacimientos prematuros. Rev Odontopediatr Latinoam. 2023; 13(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.47990/alop.v13i.618
Afshari E, Dehghan F, Vakili MA, Abbasi M. Prevalence of Molar-incisor hypomineralization in Iranian children: systematic review and narrative synthesis. BDJ open. 2022; 8(15). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41405-022-00111-x
Abdelaziz M, Krejci I, Banon J. Prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in over 30,000 Schoolchildren in Switzerland. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022; 46 (1): 1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-46.1.1
Davenport M, Welles AD, Angelopoulou MV, Gonzalez C, Okunseri C, Barbeau L, et al. Prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA: a pilot study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2019; 30: 109–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/ccide.s172736
Craveia J, Rouas P, Carat T, Manton DJ, Boileau MJ, Garot E. Knowledge and management of first permanent molars with enamel hypomineralization among dentists and orthodontists. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2020; 44(1): 20-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-44.1.4
Damares Lago J, Restrepo M, Bussaneli DG, Cavalheiro JP, De Souza JF, Santos-Pinto L, et al. Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization: prevalence comparative study in 6 years of interval. Scientific World Journal. 2022; 4743252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4743252
Grieshaber A, Waltimo T, Haschemi AA, Erb J, Steffen J, Bornstein MM, et al. Prevalence of and factors associated with molar‐incisor hypomineralisation in schoolchildren in the canton of Basel‐Landschaft, Switzerland. Clin Oral Invest. 2023; 27(2): 871–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04648-x
Nisii F, Mazur M, De Nuccio C, Martucci C, Spuntarelli M, Labozzetta S, et al. Prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization among school children in Rome, Italy. Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1): 7343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10050-0
Barrionuevo Carillo SM, Collantes Acuña J, Flores Jara MG, Vallejo Izquierdo LA. La hipomineralización incisivo molar y su susceptibilidad ante la formación de caries, revisión bibliográfica. DC. 2023; 9(2): 2106-23. https://dominiodelasciencias.com/ojs/index.php/es/article/view/3394
Linner T, Khazaei Y, Bücher K, Pfisterer J, Hickel R, Kühnisch J. Comparison of four different treatment strategies in teeth with molar-incisor hypomineralization-related enamel breakdown: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2020; 30(5): 597–606. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12636
Vanhée T, Poncelet J, Cheikh-Ali S, Bottenberg P. prevalence, caries, dental anxiety and quality of life in children with MIH in Brussels, Belgium. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(11): 3065. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113065
Bukhari ST, Alhasan HA, Qari MT, Sabbagh HJ, Farsi NM. Prevalence and risk factors of molar incisor hypomineralization in the Middle East: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2022; 18(4): 696-710. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.12.011
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice
Copyright comprises moral and patrimonial rights.
1. Moral rights: are born at the moment of the creation of the work, without the need to register it. They belong to the author in a personal and unrelinquishable manner; also, they are imprescriptible, unalienable and non negotiable. Moral rights are the right to paternity of the work, the right to integrity of the work, the right to maintain the work unedited or to publish it under a pseudonym or anonymously, the right to modify the work, the right to repent and, the right to be mentioned, in accordance with the definitions established in article 40 of Intellectual property bylaws of the Universidad (RECTORAL RESOLUTION 21231 of 2005).
2. Patrimonial rights: they consist of the capacity of financially dispose and benefit from the work trough any mean. Also, the patrimonial rights are relinquishable, attachable, prescriptive, temporary and transmissible, and they are caused with the publication or divulgation of the work. To the effect of publication of articles in the journal Revista de la Facultad de Odontología, it is understood that Universidad de Antioquia is the owner of the patrimonial rights of the contents of the publication.
The content of the publications is the exclusive responsibility of the authors. Neither the printing press, nor the editors, nor the Editorial Board will be responsible for the use of the information contained in the articles.
I, we, the author(s), and through me (us), the Entity for which I, am (are) working, hereby transfer in a total and definitive manner and without any limitation, to the Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia, the patrimonial rights corresponding to the article presented for physical and digital publication. I also declare that neither this article, nor part of it has been published in another journal.
Open Access Policy
The articles published in our Journal are fully open access, as we consider that providing the public with free access to research contributes to a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Creative Commons License
The Journal offers its content to third parties without any kind of economic compensation or embargo on the articles. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license, known as Attribution – NonCommercial – Share Alike (BY-NC-SA), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited and that the new productions are licensed under the same conditions.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
