Analgesic and neuromotor effects of two extracts of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium (Rutaceae) in the Swiss albino mouse (Mus musculus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.v27n3a03Keywords:
Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, nociception, neuromotor effect, rotarod test, non-polar extract, formalin testAbstract
BACKGROUND: Colombia has a high diversity of medicinal plants, including Tachuelo (Zanthoxylum rhoifolium), a tree belonging to the family Rutaceae, which has been attributed an analgesic use by communities of the Colombian southwest. Nevertheless, this species has been scarce studied in Colombia. The studies have been limited to the isolation of compounds with antifungal and insecticide activity, using the leaves, branches, and bark of the plant in aqueous, and organic extracts. Neither pharmacological tests have been carried out, nor the analgesic and neuromotor activity have been tested from preparations with this plant’s fruits. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the analgesic and neuromotor effect of the aqueous and hexane extract of the fruits of Z. rhoifolium. METHODS: As there were no preliminary reports of this study, the first observation was made through Irwin’s test. The formalin and the rotarod test were performed to determine the analgesic and motor coordination effects, respectively. RESULTS: All the evaluated treatments demonstrated to generate analgesia, anesthesia, passivity, reduction in the alarm reaction, and have antinociceptive activity in the formalin test; while only the high dose of the nonpolar extract generated a deficit in the motor performance of the rodents in the rotarod test. CONCLUSIONS: the antinociceptive effect of the aqueous and hexane extracts of this species’ fruits was demonstrated. The hexane extract generated a neuromotor effect, which validates the ethnobotanical reports on Z. rhoifolium fruits.
Downloads
References
Parimelazhagan, T. Pharmacological Assays of Plant-Based Natural Products [Internet]. India: Springer; 2016 [cited 2020 Nov 20]. 188 p. Available from: https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319268101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26811-8
Quintero GC, Erzurumlu RS, Vaccarino AL. Evaluation of morphine analgesia and motor coordination in mice following cortex specific knockout of the N-methyl-D-aspartate NR1-subunit. Neuroscience Letters. 2008; 437(1): 55-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2008.03.077
Cregg R, Russo G, Gubbay A, Branford R, Sato H. Pharmacogenetics of analgesic drugs. British Journal of Pain. 2008; 7(4): 189-208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2049463713507439
British encyclopedia. Zanthoxylum plant genus. [Internet]. https://wplaww.britannica.com/plant/Zanthoxylum 2017 (accessed 8 October 2018).
Patiño OJ, Prieto JA, Cuca LE. Zanthoxylum genus as potential source of bioactive compounds. Bioac. Comp. Phytomed [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2018 Mar 18]; 10: 195-228. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/bioactive-compounds-in-phytomedicine/zanthoxylum-genus-as-potential-source-of-bioactive-compounds
Angulo O. AA, Cuca S. LE. Nuevo esterol y otros constituyentes de Zanthoxylum setulosum. Rev. Colomb. Quím [Internet]. 2002 Jul [cited 2018 nov]; 31 (2): 87-92. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/rcolquim/article/view/18038
Freitas FF, Fernandes HB, Piauilino CA, Pereira SS, Carvalho KI, Chaves MH, et al. Gastroprotective activity of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. In animal models. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011; 137: 700-708. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.026
Pereira SS, Lopes LS, Marques RB, Figueiredo KA, Costa DA, Chaves MH, Almeida FR. Antinociceptive effect of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) in models of acute pain in rodents. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2010; 129: 227-231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.009
Da Silva SL, Figueiredo PM, Yano T. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of volatile oils from Zanthoxylum Rhoifolium leaves. Pharm. Bio. 2006; 44(9): 657-659. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200601006871
Da Silva SL, Figueiredo PM, Yano T. Chemotherapeutic potential of the volatile oils from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. leaves. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2007; 576: 180-188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.065
Da Silva SL, Figueiredo PM, Yano T. Cytotoxic evaluation of essential oil from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. Leaves. Acta Amazon. 2007; 37(2): 281-286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672007000200015
Ortega EH. Usos tradicionales de las plantas de la Orinoquia colombiana. Rev. Univ. Cien. Sal. [Internet]. 2015 Jan [cited 2019 Jan 23]; 21: 16-28. Available from: https://revistas.ugca.edu.co/index.php/ugciencia/article/view/419
Neto B, Leitao J, Oliveira L, Santos S, Carneiro S, Rodrigues K, et al. Inhibitory effects of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) against the infection and infectivity of macrophages by Leishmania amazonensis. An. Braz. Acad. Sci. 2016; 88(4): 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150131
Bhadoriya U, Yadav A, Aggarwal N, et al. Hypnotic effect of essential oil and methanolic extract of fruits of Zanthoxylum budrunga W. International Journal of Pharmtech Research. 2009; 1(4): 1494-1498.
Mathiasen, J. R., & Moser, V. C. The Irwin Test and Functional Observational Battery (FOB) for Assessing the Effects of Compounds on Behavior, Physiology, and Safety Pharmacology in Rodents. Current Protocols in Pharmacology. 2018; 83(1): 43-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpph.43
Roux S, Sablé E, Porsolt RD. Primary observation (Irwin) test in rodents for assessing acute toxicity of a test agent and its effects on behavior and physiological function. Current Protocols in Pharmacology. 2005; 10(10): 10-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471141755.ph1010s27
LJ. Cseke, A. Kirakosyan, PB. Kaufman, SL. Warber, JA. Duke, HL. Brielmann. Natural Products from Plants. Boca Raton, Estados Unidos: CRC Press; 2006. 569 p.
Hu J, Shi X, Mao X, Chen J, Zhu L, Zhao Q. Antinociceptive activity of Rhoifoline A from the ethanol extract of Zanthoxylum nitidum in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2013; 150: 828-834. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.035
Tjolsen A, Berge O, Hunskaar S, Rosland JH, Hole K. The formalin test: and evaluation of the method. Pain. 1992; 51: 5-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(92)90003-t
Deacon R. Measuring motor coordination in mice. J. Vis. Exp. 2013; 75: 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3791/2609
Lima JA, Oliveira AS, de Miranda AL, Rezende CM, Pinto AC. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of an acid fraction of the seeds of Carpotroche brasiliensis (Raddi) (Flacourtiaceae). Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 2005; 38: 1095-1103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2005000700013
Feitosa CM, Freitas RM, Luz NN, Bezerra MZB, Trevisan MTS. Plantas medicinais Brasileiras promissoras para inibição da acetilcolinesterase. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 2011; 71(3): 783–789. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842011000400025
Hanrahan JR, Chebib M, Johnston GAR. Flavonoid modulation of GABA A receptors. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2011; 163(2): 234-245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01228.x
Lima LM, Ferreira F, Tavares JC, Kenupp J. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the ethanolic extracts from Zanthoxylum riedelianum (Rutaceae) leaves and stem bark. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2007; 59: 1151-1158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.59.8.0014
Oliveira F, Alves V, Barbosa JM, Guedes JR, Rodrigues LC, Botelho M, Flora C. Antinociceptive effect of lupeol: evidence for a role of cytokines inhibition. Phytother. Res. 2013; 27(10): 1557-1563. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4902
Tsunozaki M, Lennertz R, Vilceanu D, Katta S, Stucky CL, Bautista DM. A ‘toothache tree’ alkylamide inhibits Aδ mechanonociceptors to alleviate mechanical pain. J. Physiol. 2013; 591(13): 3325-3340. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2013.252106
Cartmell SM, Gelgor L, Mitchell D. A Revised rotarod procedure for measuring the effect of antinociceptive drugs on motor function in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Methods. 1991; 26(2): 149-159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90063-b
Lullmann H, Mohr K, Hein L, Bieger D. Color Atlas of Pharmacology. New York, Estados Unidos: Thieme; 2005. 414 p.
Picazo A, Castañeda-Hernández G, Ortiz MI. Examination of the interaction between peripheral diclofenac and gabapentin on the 5% formalin test in rats. Life Sciences. 2006; 79(24): 2283–2287. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2006.07.025
Schaffler K, Reitmeir P, Gschanes A, Eggenreich U. Comparison of the analgesic effects of a fixed-dose combination of orphenadrine and diclofenac (Neodolpasse®) with its single active ingredients diclofenac and orphenadrine: A placebo-controlled study using laser-induced somatosensory-evoked potentials fr. Drugs in R and D. 2005; 6(4): 189–199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00126839-200506040-00001
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Vitae
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice and Open Access Statement
The Journal Vitae works under the Open Access license, and the published manuscripts remain available for the public, both on the Journal's website and in databases, under the Creative Commons license, "Noncommercial Attribution" and "Share alike" systems, adopted in Colombia. Hence, when the authors agree to publish in the Journal Vitae, they will not have the right to economic retributions on publications and reproductions through different diffusion media. The documents are freely available to the internet public, permitting users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts and pass them as data to software. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be appropriately acknowledged and cited.
Authors declare that:
-
They are the intellectual property owners and are responsible for all the information stated in the article.
-
This manuscript has not been submitted or published in other printed or digital media. They accept the responsibility for the judgments, opinions, and points of view expressed in the published article and, therefore, they exonerate Universidad de Antioquia and Journal Vitae from any process.
-
They exempt Universidad de Antioquia and Journal Vitae from settling conflicts or disputes related to the authorship of the referred article.
-
They accept the revision of the original manuscript by suitable personnel, and they bind themselves to perform the corrections appointed or suggested by the assessors.
-
Therefore, they know the editorial process and will not bind the Editorial Board of the Journal to assume any obligations regarding the volume and issue in which the article is published.
-
They transfer the rights of publication, reprinting, and distribution of the article from the moment of its approval, in print and digital format, without the right to economic rewards, and under the licensing conditions considered relevant by Journal Vitae.
-
They fully authorize Universidad de Antioquia and Journal Vitae to submit the published material to the diverse databases and indexing systems where the Journal can be found to comply with the requirements of the regulatory authorities to maintain the national classification of journals.
-
They will assume the article publication costs established for the current issue, and they will make the payment as soon as they are informed about the volume and the issue in which the final version of the article is published.
-
After the article is published, you can share digital or printed copies in a noncommercial manner. You will be able to use the paper in your institution or company for educational or research purposes, including the use in course programs.
Conflict of interest: Authors are responsible for recognizing and disclosing any financial or other benefits that could be perceived to bias their work, acknowledging all financial support and any personal connections with potential sponsors. Examples of such conflicts include receiving research funds or honoraria, serving on advisory boards, stock ownership, or employment and consulting arrangements. Authors without such connections should clearly state that they have no financial support or personal relationships that could be perceived to bias their work. All conflicts of interest should be disclosed on the author's identification page of the manuscript.
