Total polyphenols analysis of mature seeds and tissue cultures of some Colombian cocoa varieties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.acbi.4739Keywords:
plant biotechnology, polyphenols, secondary metabolites, Theobroma cacaoAbstract
The aim of this research was to establish cocoa (Theobroma cacao) cell suspensions culture to analyze the total polyphenols content for two Colombian cocoa varieties and to compare the results with the total polyphenols content from the same field varieties. The final results showed that it is possible to produce big amount of cocoa cell biomass
able to synthesize the metabolites without loosing its organoleptic properties (smell, color, and flavor), and to produce an acceptable content of total polyphenols compared with the natural seeds. This preliminary study is a promising perspective for future production of the antioxidants and to supplement with them the cocoa by-products.
Downloads
References
bhojwani ss, razdan mK. 1996. Plant tissue culture: Theory and practice, a revised edition. elvesier scien-ce. Amsterdam.
Cooper K, donovan J, Waterhouse a, Williamson G. 2008. cocoa and health: a decade of research. British Journal of Nutrition, 99(1):1-11.
Cakirer m. 2003. Color as an indicator of flavonol content in the fresh seeds of Theobroma cacao. the penns-ylvania state university. <http://guiltinanlab.cas.psu.edu/publications/cocoa/melisthesis.pdf>. fecha de consulta: 21 de febrero de 2007.
Dixon ra, paiva n. 1995. stress-induced phenylpropanoid metabolism. Plant Cell, 7(7):1085-1097.delledone m, Xia y, dixon r, lamb c. 1998. nitric oxide functions as a signal in plant disease resistance. Nature
(6693):585-588.
Durner J, Gow a, stamler J, Glazebrook J. 1998. Ancient origins of nitric oxide signaling in biological systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 95(25):14206-14207.
Giorgi a, mingozzi m, madeo m, speranza G, cocucci, m. 2009. effect of nitrogen starvation on the pheno-lic metabolism and antioxidant properties of yarrow (Achillea collina becker ex rchb.) Food Chemistry, 114(1):204-211.
Grace sc, logan ba. 2000. energy dissipation and radical scavenging by the plant phenylpropanoid pathway.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 355:1499-1510
Gurney K, evans l, robinson d. 1992. purine alkaloid production and accumulation in cocoa callus and suspension cultures. Journal of Experimental Botany,43(6):769-775.
Hammerstone Jf, schmitz hh. 1998. cocoa components, edible products having enhanced polyphenol content, methods of making same and medical uses. patent cooperation treaty (pct) Wo 98/09533, mars incor-porated, u.s.A.
Henderson J, Joyce r, halls G, hurst J, mcGovern p.2007. chemical and archaeological evidence for the earliest cocoa beverages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(48):18937-18940.
Jacobs m, rubery p. 1998. naturally occurring auxin trans-port regulators. Science, 241:346-349.
Jalal m, collin h. 1979. secondary metabolism tissue culture of Theobroma cacao. New Phytologist, 83(2):343-349.
Janick J, pence vc. 1980. method of non-agricultural pro-duction of cotyledons. us patent 4.204.366. Purdue research foundation, West lafayette, in.
Janick J, pence vc. 1981. plant tissue produced by non-agricultural proliferation of cocoa embryos. us patent 4.301.619. Purdue research foundation, West lafa-yette, in.Kim h, Keeney pG. 1984. (-)epicatechin content in fer-mented and unfermented cocoa beans. Journal of Food Science, 49:1090-1092.
Keen c, holt r, oteiza p, fraga c, schmitz h. 2005. co-coa antioxidants and cardiovascular health. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81(1):298s-303s.
Leathers rr, scragg ah. 1989. the effect of different temperatures on the growth, lipid content and fatty acid composition oftheobroma cacao cell suspension cultures. Plant Science, 62(2):217-227.
Loewus fa. 1999. biosynthesis and metabolism of ascorbia acid in plants and of analogs of ascorbic acid in fungi. Phytochemistry, 52:193-210.
Ramachandra s, ravishankar G. 2002. plant cell cultures: chemical factories of secondary metabolites. Biotech-nology Advances, 20:101-153.
Romanczyk lJ, hammerstone, Jf, buck mm, post ls, cipolla GG, micceland ca, mundt Ja, schmitz hh. 1997. cocoa extracts compounds and methods for making and using the same. patent cooperation treaty (pct) Wo 97/36497, mars incorporated, u.s.A.
Seet he. 1973. Plant Tissue and Cell Culture. blackwell Scientific Publications. London, England.
Tsai c, Kinsella J. 1981. initiation and growth of callus and cell suspensions of Theobroma cacaol. Annals of Botany, 48:549-558.
Tsai c, Kinsella J. 1982. tissue culture of cocoa bean ( Theobroma cacaol.): incorporation of fatty acids into lipids of cultured cells. Lipids, 17(12):848-852.
Winkel-shirley b. 2002. Biosynthesis of flavonoids end effects of stress. Current Opinion in Plant Biology,5:218-223.
Wollgast J, anklam e. 2000. review on polyphenols in Theobroma cacao: changes in composition during the manufacture of chocolate and methodology for identifi-cation and quantification. Food Research International, 33:423-447.
Yamasaki h, sakihama y, ikehara n. 1997. flavonoid-peroxidase reaction as a detoxification mechanism of plant cells against H2o2. Plant Physiology, 115:1405-1412.
Yamasaki h, Grace s. 1998. epr detection of phytophe-noxyl radicals stabilized by zinc ions: evidence for the redox-coupling of plant phenolics with ascorbate in the H2o2-peroxidase system. FEBS Letters, 422:377-380.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2010 Actualidades Biológicas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors exclusively authorize the Actualidades Biológicas journal to edit and publish the submitted manuscript if its publication is recommended and accepted, without this representing any cost to the Journal or the University of Antioquia.
All the ideas and opinions contained in the articles are sole responsibility of the authors. The total content of the issues or supplements of the journal is protected under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, so they cannot be used for commercial purposes, but for educational purposes. However, please mention the Actualidades Biológicas journal as a source and send a copy of the publication in which the content was reproduced.
