Práticas de criação desde a perspectiva bioarqueológica: considerações sobre o conjunto funerário de Tubará durante o período tardio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.boan.v35n60a07Palavras-chave:
práticas de criação, desmame, lactância, isótopos estáveis, bioarqueologiaResumo
No presente artigo se consideram as análises isotópicas como um elemento útil na aproximação às práticas de criação na antiguidade, já que a pegada isotópica do período tardio de lactância/desmame pode ajudar a entender alguns aspectos que não são fáceis de esclarecer somente através da inspeção osteológica, pois o acontecido durante este período faz parte das estratégias de cuidado das crianças e tem repercussões na saúde humana a curto, médio e longo prazo. Para ilustrar esta aproximação às práticas de criação desde a perspectiva bioarqueológica, se analisou um conjunto funerário pré-hispânico do período tardio, procedente das terras baixas do Caribe colombiano (Tubará).As análises realizadas evidenciaram que a pegada isotópica do colágeno encontrado nos restos analisados, associada à presença de marcadores de estresse fisiológico não específico, permite sugerir a possibilidade de um desmame precoce e seu choque na mortalidade seletiva da população. Nesse sentido, este artigo estabelece diferentes elementos relacionados com o fenômeno de desmame e assim, coloca em consideração vários aspectos relevantes em bioarqueologia para as aproximações sobre o cuidado das crianças na antiguidade e para entender sua dimensão biocultural.
Downloads
Referências
Aiello, Leslie y Wells, Jonathan (2002). “Energetics and the Evolution of the Genus Homo”. En: Annual Review of Anthropology, vol. 31, N.° 1, pp. 323-338. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.31.040402.085403
Alfonso,Marta; Thompson, Jennifer y Grace,Vivien(2005).“Reevaluating Harris Lines-A Comparison Between Harris Lines and Enamel Hypoplasia”.En: College of Anthropology ,vol.29,N.°2,pp. 393-408. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/14379454.pdf
Allen, L. H. (1994). “Nutritional Influences on Linear Growth”. En: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 48, pp. 75-89.
Angulo, Carlos (1951). Arqueología de Tubará. Divulgaciones Etnológicas, Bogotá.
Angulo,Carlos(1995).“Modos de vida en la prehistoria de la llanura Atlántica de Colombia”.En: Mo-nografías, CERES-Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla,N.°7,pp.1-39.http://manglar.uninorte.edu.co/calamari/bitstream/handle/10738/130/BDC32.pdf?sequence=3
Archila,Sonia(1993).“Medio ambiente y arqueología en las tierras bajas del Caribe Colombiano”.En: Boletín del Museo del Oro,N.°34-35,pp.111-164. http://publicaciones.banrepcultural.org/index.php/bmo/article/download/7000/7246
Armelagos, George; Goodman, Alan; Harper, Kristiny Blakey, Michael(2009).“Enamel Hipoplasia and Early Mortality: Bioarchaeological Support for Baker Hypothesis”.En:Evolutionary Anthropology, vol. 18, pp. 261-271.https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.20239
Bogin, Barry y Smith, Holly (1996). “Evolution of the Human Life Cycle”. En: American Journal of Human Biology, vol. 8, N.° 6, pp. 703-716. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch11
Boldsen, Jesper L. (2007). “Early Childhood Stress and Adult Age Mortality —A Study of Dental Enamel Hypoplasia in the Medieval Danish Village of Tirup”.En:American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 132 N.° 1, pp. 59-66.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20467
Buitrago, Andrea (2014). “Madres de crianza, levantando vida en el norte del Tolima. Un estudio etnográfico sobre las prácticas de crianza y adopción”. En: Maguaré, vol. 28, N.° 1, pp. 211-248. http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/68303/1/53318-261804-1-PB.pdf
Bullock, Meggan (2013). “Pathological Skeletal Lesions and Selective Mortality in the Postclassic Population of Cholula”. En: Estudios de Antropología Biológica, vol. XVI, pp. 67-94.
Cadena,Bibiana(2011).Isótopos estables, subsistencia e interpretación arqueológica: el caso de Tubará.Tesis de maestría, Departamento de Antropología, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá. https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstream/handle/1992/11407/u462531.pdf?sequence=1
Cadena, Bibiana; Negrete, Samantha; Medina, Axayacatl y Bullock, Meggan (2016). “Reconstrucción biocultural de la dieta en poblaciones antiguas: reflexiones, tendencias y perspectivas desde la bioarqueología”. En: Madrigal, Lorena y Gonzalez-José, Rolando (eds.). Introducción a la Antropología Biológica. Asociación Latinoamericana de Antropología Biológica, Florida, pp. 284-322. [En línea:] http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/islac_alab_antropologia/1/. (Consultado en febrero de 2017).
Casar, Isabel; Morales, Pedro; Manzanilla, Linda; Cienfuegos, Edith y Otero, Francisco(2017).“Dietary Differences in Individuals Buried in a Multiethnic Neighborhood in Teotihuacan: Stable Dental IsotopesfromTeopancazco”.En: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, vol.9,N.°1,pp. 99-115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-016-0422-0
Castrillón, Ximena. 2009. “¿Dónde están los niños? Rastreando la mirada antropológica sobre la infancia”. En: Maguaré, vol. 23, pp. 434-469. https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/handle/unal/29049/15046-45469-1-PB.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Chinique de Armas, Yadira y Pestle, William (2018). “Assessing the Association between Subsistence Strategies and the Timing of Weaning among Indigenous Archaeological Populations of the Caribbean”. En: International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, vol. 28, N.° 5, pp. 492-509. https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.2695
Chinique de Armas, Yadira y Roksandic, Mirjana(2018).“Breast feeding and Weaningin Ancient Populations: Challenges and Future Directions”.En:International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, vol. 28, N.° 5, pp. 477-478.https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.2715
Contreras, Jesús y García, Maribel(2004).Alimentación y cultura, perspectivas antropológicas .Ariel, Barcelona.https://doi.org/10.15381/is.v11i19.8073
Cook, Della y Buikstra, Jane(1979).“Health and Differential Survival in Prehistoric Populations”.En: American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.51,N.°4,pp.581-603. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330510415
Crowe, Ian(2000).The Quest for Food. Its Rolein Human Evolution and Migration.Tempus Publishing Inc.,United Kingdom.
Danforth,MarieElaine(1999).“Nutrition and Politicsin Prehistory”.En:Annual Review of Anthropology, vol. 28, pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.28.1.1
Delgado, Mario; Del Cairo, Carolina; Calvache, José;Bedoya ,LuzMarina y Tabares, Elizabeth(2006). “Prácticas hogareñas en el cuidado de la madre y el recién nacido en la costa Pacífica Caucana”. En:Antípoda. Revista de Antropología y Arqueología,vol.3,pp.227-254. https://doi.org/10.7440/antipoda3.2006.09
De Witte, Sharon y Wood, James(2008).“Selectivity of Black Death Mortality with Respect to Preexisting Health”.En:Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences of the United States,vol.105,N.° 5, pp. 1436-1441.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0705460105
Dunsworth,HollyM.;Warrener,AnnaG.;Deacon,Terrence;Ellison,PeterT.yPontzer,Herman(2012). “MetabolicHypothesisforHumanAltriciality”En:ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSci-encesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,vol.109,N.°38,pp.15212–15216.https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205282109
Duray, Stephen (1996). “Dental Indicators of Stress and Reduced Age at Death in Prehistoric Native Americans”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysicalAnthropology,vol.99,N.°2,pp.275-286.https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199602)99:2%3C275::aid-ajpa5%3E3.0.co;2-y
Eerkens,Jelmer;Berget,AdayBartelink,Eric(2011).“EstimatingWeaning andEarlyChildhoodDiet fromSerialMicro-SamplesofDentinCollagen”.En:JournalofArchaeologicalScience,vol.38, pp. 3101-3111.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2011.07.010Fauve-
Chamoux,Antoniette(2000).“BreastMilkandArtificialInfantFeeding”.En:Kiple,Kennethy Coneè, Kriemhild (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Food. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 626-634.https://doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521402149.072
Fogel,MarilynyTuross,Noreen(2003).“ExtendingtheLimitsofPaleodietaryStudiesofHumanswith Compound Specific Carbon Isotope Analysis of Amino Acids”. En: Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 30, pp. 535-545.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0305-4403(02)00199-1
Froehle,W.;Kellner,CorinaySchoeninger,Margaret(2012).“MultivariateCarbonandNitrogenStable IsotopeModelfortheReconstructionofPrehistoricHumanDiet”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysi-cal Anthropology, vol. 147, N.° 3, pp. 352-369.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21651
Fuller, B. T.; Fuller, J. L.; Harris, D. A. y Hedges, R. E. M. (2006). “Detection of Breastfeeding and WeaninginModernHumanInfantswithCarbonandNitrogenStableIsotopeRatios”.En:American JournalofPhysicalAnthropology,vol.129,N.°2,pp.279-293.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20249
Fuller, B. T.; Molleson, T. I.; Harris, D. A.; Gilmour, L. T. y Hedges, R. E. M. (2006). “Isotopic Evi-denceforBreastfeedingandPossibleAdultDietaryDifferencesFromLate/Sub-RomanBritain”. En: American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 129, N.° 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20244
Gage, Timothy; DeWitte, Sharon y Wood, James (2012). “Demography Part 1: Mortality and Migra-tion”En:Stinson,Sara;Bogin,BarryyO’Rourke,Dennis(eds.).HumanBiology.AnEvolution-ary and Biocultural Perspective. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey, pp. 695-756. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch14
Garine,IgoryVargas,Luis(2006).“Introducciónalasinvestigacionesantropológicassobrealimentación y nutrición”. En: Peña, Florencia y Alonzo, Arturo (eds.). Cambio social, antropología y salud. CONACULTA, México, pp.103-119
Goodman, Alan (1991). “Stress, Adaptation, and Enamel Developmental Defects”. En: Ortner, Don-ald y Aufderheide, Arthur (eds.). Human Paleopathology. Current Synthesis and Future Op-tions. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 11-60. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/6430/humanpaleopathol00ortn.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y#page=292
Goodman, Alan; Martin, Debra y Armelagos, George (1984). “Indicators of Stress from Bones and Teeth”.En:Cohen,MarkyArmelagos,George(eds.).PaleopathologyattheOriginsofAgricul-ture. Academic Press, Orlando, pp.13-49.
Goodman, Alan; Swedlund, Alan y Armelagos, George (1988). “Biocultural Perspective on Stress in Prehistoric, Historical and Contemporary Population Research”. En: Yearbook of Physical An-thropology, vol. 31, N.° 9, pp. 169-202. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330310509
Gowland,Rebecca(2015).“EntangledLives:ImplicationsoftheDevelopmentalOriginsofHealthand DiseaseHypothesisforBioarchaeologyandtheLifeCourse”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysical Anthropology, vol. 158, N.° 4, pp. 530-540.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22820
Herring, Ann; Saunders, Shelley y Katzemberg, Anne (1998). “Investigating the Weaning Process in PastPopulations”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysicalAnthropology,vol.105,N.°4,pp.425-439. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199804)105:4%3C425::aid-ajpa3%3E3.0.co;2-n
Jankauskas,Rimantas;Boldsen,JesperyPalubeckaitė,Žydrūnė(2002).“EnamelHypoplasiainDanish andLithuanianLateMedieval/EarlyModernSamples:APossibleReflectionofChildMorbidity andMortalityPatterns”.En:InternationalJournalofOsteoarchaeology,vol.12,N.°3,pp.189-201.https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.607
Katzenberg,Anne(2008).“StableIsotopeAnalysis:AToolforStudyingPastDiet,Demography,andLife History”.En:Katzenberg,AnneySaunders,Shelley(eds.).BiologicalAnthropologyofTheHuman Skeleton. Willey -Liss, New Jersey, pp. 413-441.https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470245842.ch13
Katzenberg,Anne;Herring,AnnySaunders,Shelley(1996).“WeaningandInfantMortality:Evaluating theSkeletalEvidence”.En:YearbookofPhysicalAnthropology,vol.39,pp.177-199.https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(1996)23+%3C177::aid-ajpa7%3E3.0.co;2-2
Katzenberg,Anne;Saunders,ShelleyyFitzgerald,William(1993).“AgeDifferencesinStableCarbonand NitrogenIsotopeRatiosinaPopulationofPrehistoricMaizeHorticulturists”.En:AmericanJournal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 90, N.° 3, pp. 267-281.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330900302
Klaus,Haagen(2014).“FrontiersintheBioarchaeologyofStressandDisease:Cross-DisciplinaryPer-spectivesFromPathophysiology,HumanBiology,andEpidemiology”.En:AmericanJournalof Physical Anthropology, vol. 155, N.° 2, pp. 294-308.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22574
Krieger, Nancy (1999). “Sticky Webs, Hungry Spiders, Buzzing Flies, and Fractal Metaphors: On the Misleading Juxtaposition of ‘Risk Factor’ versus ‘Social’ Epidemiology”. En: Journal of Epi-demiology and Community Health, vol. 53, pp. 678-680.https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.53.11.678
Krieger,Nancy(2005).“Embodiment:AConceptualGlossaryforEpidemiology”.En:JournalofEpidemi-ologyandCommunityHealth,vol.59,N.°5,pp.350-355.https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2004.024562
Langebaek, Carl (1996). Noticias de caciques muy mayores. Universidad de los Andes -Universidad de Antioquia, Bogotá
Langebaek, Carl y Dever, Alejandro (2000). Arqueología en el bajo Magdalena: un estudio de los pri-meros agricultores del Caribe Colombiano. Informe Arqueológico N.° 1, Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia, Bogotá.
Larsen,Spencer(1998).“IsotopicandElementalSignaturesofDietandNutrition”.En:Larsen,Spencer (ed.). Bioarchaeology Interpreting Behavior of Human Skeleton. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 270-301.https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139020398.010
Larsen,Spencer(2002).“Bioarchaeology:TheLivesandLifestylesofPastPeople”.En:JournalofAr-chaeologicalResearch,vol.10,N.°2;pp.119-165.http://www.academia.edu/download/31992042/articulo_Larsen.pdf
Larsen, Spencer (2018). “Bioarchaeology in Perspective: From Classifications of the Dead to Condi-tionsoftheLiving”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysicalAnthropology,vol.165,N.°4,pp.865-878. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23322
Leonard,William(2008).“HumanNutritionalEvolution”.En:Stinson,Sara;Bogin,BarryyO’Rourke, Dennis(eds.).HumanBiology.AnEvolutionaryandBioculturalPerspective.JohnWiley&Sons, New Jersey, pp. 251-324. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch7
Lewis,Mary(2007).TheBioarchaeologyofChildrenPerspectivesfromBiologicalandForensicAnthro-pology.CambridgeUniversityPress,Cambridge.https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511542473.001
Luna,LeandroHernán(2006).“Alcancesylimitacionesdelconceptodeestrésenbioarqueología”.En:Antípoda, vol. 3, pp. 255-279. https://doi.org/10.7440/antipoda3.2006.10
Malgosa, Asumpsio (2010). “Levantando el velo... La visibilidad de los ‘Invisibles’”. En: Márquez, Lourdes(ed.).Losniños,actoressocialesignorados.Levantandoelvelo,unamiradaalpasado. INAH -Conaculta -Promep, México, pp.21-50.
Marklein, Kathryn; Leahy, Rachel y Crews, Douglas (2016). “In Sickness and in Death: Assessing FrailtyinHumanSkeletalRemains”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysicalAnthropology,enprensa, pp. 1-18. [En línea:] http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ajpa. (Consultado en mayo de 2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23019
Márquez, Lourdes (2008). “Salud, nutrición y dinámica demográfica de las poblaciones prehispánicas ycolonialesdeMéxico:quésabemosycuálessonlaslimitantes”.En:Hernández,Patricia;Már-quez, Lourdes y González, Ernesto (eds.). Tendencias actuales de la bioarqueología en México. CONACULTA, INAH, PROMEP, México, pp.59-78
Márquez, Lourdes (2009). “La bioarqueología de los niños: enfoques teóricos y metodológicos”. En: González,ErnestoyMárquez,Lourdes(eds.).Paradigmasyretosenlabioarqueologíamexicana. Promep -ENAH/INAH -Conaculta, México, pp.77-98
Martin, Debra y Harrod, Ryan (2012). “New Directions in Biorchaeology”. En: The Archaeological Record, vol. 12, N.° 2, pp. 31-32
Martin,Debra;Harrod,RyanyPérez,Ventura(2013).Bioarchaeology.AnIntegratedApproachtoWork-ingwithHumanRemains.ManualsinArchaeologicalMethod,TheoryandThecnique(editedby Charles Orser and Michael Schiffer). Springer Science + Business Media, NewYork.
Massó, Ester (2013). “Lactancia materna y revolución, o la teta como insumisión biocultural: calostro, cuerpo y cuidado”. En: Dilemata, N.° 11, pp. 169-206.
Morales, Pedro; Cienfuegos, Edith; Manzanilla, Linda y Otero, Francisco (2012). “Estudio de la pa-leodieta empleando isótopos estables de los elementos Carbono, Oxígeno y Nitrógeno en restos humanosyfauna,encontradosenelbarriodeTeopancazco,Teotihuacan”.En:Manzanilla,Linda (eds.). Estudios arqueométricos del centro del barrio de Teopancazco en Teotihuacan. Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, México, pp.347-423.
Nishi, Akihiro (2015). “Evolution and Social Epidemiology”. En: Social Science and Medicine, vol.145, pp. 132-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.08.015
Pelto,G.;Goodman,AlanyDufour,Darna(2000).“TheBioculturalPerspectiveinNutritionalAnthropol-ogy”.En:Goodman,Alan;Dufour,DarnayPelto,G.(eds.).NutritionalAnthropology.Biocultural PerspectivesonFoodandNutrition.MayfieldPublishingCompany,Londres–Toronto,pp.1-9.
Perry,MeganA.(2005).“RedefiningChildhoodthroughBioarchaeology:TowardanArchaeologicaland Biological Understanding of Children in Antiquity”. En: Archeological Papers of the American AnthropologicalAssociation,vol.15,N.°1,pp.89-111.https://doi.org/10.1525/ap3a.2006.15.89
Post, David (2002). “Using Stable Isotopes to Estimate Trophic Position: Models, Methods and Assumptions”. En: Ecology, vol. 83, N.° 3, pp. 703-718. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[0703:usitet]2.0.co;2
Ramos,ElizabethyArchila,Sonia(2008).ArqueologíaysubsistenciaenTubará,siglosIX-XVId.C.Departamento de Antropología, CESO, Uniandes, Bogotá
Reichel-Dolmatoff,Gerardo(1997).ArqueologíadeColombia.BibliotecafamiliardelPresidentedela República, Presidencia de la República,Bogotá.
Reitsema,Laurie(2013).“BeyondDietReconstruction:StableIsotopeApplicationstoHumanPhysiol-ogy, Health and Nutrition”. En: American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 25, N.° 4, pp. 445-456.https://doi.org/10.1002/aajhb.22398
Reitsema,Laurie;Vercellotti,GiuseppeyBoano,Rosa(2016).“SubadultDietaryVariationatTrinoVer-cellese,Italy,andItsRelationshiptoAdultDietandMortality”.En:AmericanJournalofPhysical Anthropology, vol. 160, N.° 4, pp. 653-664.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22995
Remorini,Carolina(2013).“Estudiosetnográficossobreeldesarrolloinfantilencomunidadesindígenas de América Latina: contribuciones, omisiones y desafíos”. En: Perspectiva, vol. 31, N.° 3, pp. 811-840.https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-795x.2013v31n3p811
Rodríguez,JoséVicenteyRodríguez,Camilo(2002).“Bioantropologíadelosrestosóseosprovenientes deunsitiotardíoenelbajoríoMagdalena(ElSalado,Salamina,Magdalena)”.En:Maguaré,vol. 15,pp.187-234.https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/handle/unal/24763/10519-20188-1-PB.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Rodríguez, Keilyn y Tapia, Javier (2019). “La lactancia humana como práctica biopsicocultural”. En: Cuadernos de Antropología, vol. 1, N.° 1, pp. 1-37. https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/antropo-logia/article/download/34090/36104/
Rojas,ClaudiayMartin,JuanGuillermo(2015).“BioarqueologíadelbajoMagdalena,nortedeColombia, América del Sur.” En: Revista Colombiana de Antropología, vol. 51, N.° 2, pp. 89-120. https://doi.org/10.22380/2539472x15
Saul, Frank (1972). The Human Skeletal Remains of Atlar de Sacrificios: An Osteobiographic Analysis.Harvard University Press, Ney York.
Scheuer, Louise (2004). The Juvenile Skeleton. Elsevier Academic Press, London
Schoeninger, Margaret (1985). “Trophic Level Effects on 15N/14N and 13C/12C Ratios in Bone Col-lagen and Strontium Levels in Bone Mineral”. En: Journal of Human Evolution, vol. 14, N.° 5, pp. 515-525
Sellen,Daniel(2001).“ComparisonofInfantFeedingPatternsReportedforNonindustrialPopulations with Current Recommendations”. En: Journal of Nutrition, vol. 131, N.° 10, pp. 2707-2715. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.10.2707
Sellen, Daniel y Smay, Diana B. (2001). “Relationship between Subsistence and Age at Weaning in ‘Preindustrial’ Societies”. En: Human Nature, vol. 12, N.° 1, pp. 47-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-001-1013-y
Smith, Patricia y Avishai, Gal (2005). “The Use of Dental Criteria for Stimating Posnatal Survival in Skeletal Remainsof Infants”. En: Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 32, pp. 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2004.06.008
Steckel,Richard;Larsen,Clark;Sciulli,PaulyWalker,Phillip(2006).DataCollectionCodeBook.[En línea:] http://global.sbs.ohio-state.edu/new-docs/Codebook_05_17_06pdf. (Consultado el 15 de agosto de 2008).
Stinson, Sara (1992). “Nutritional Adaptation”. En: Annual Review of Anthropology, vol. 21, N.° 1, pp.143-170. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.an.21.100192.001043
Stinson,Sara(2000).“GrowthVariation:BiologicalandCulturalFactors”.En:Stinson,Sara;Bogin,Bar-ry;Huss-Ashmore,RebeccayO’Rourke,Dennis(eds.).HumanBiology,anEvolutionaryandBio-culturalPerspective.Wiley-Liss,NewYork,pp.425-463.https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch12
Stinson,Sara;Bogin,Barry;O’Rourke,DennisyHuss-Ashmore,Rebecca(2012).“HumanBiology:An EvolutionaryandBioculturalPerspective”.En:Stinson,Sara;Bogin,BarryyO’Rourke,Dennis (eds.). Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspective. Willey-Blackwell, New Jersey, pp. 3-22.https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch1
Stuart-Macadam, Patricia (1995). “Biocultural Perspectives on Breastfeeding”. En: Stuart-Macadam, Patricia y Dettwyler, Katherine A. (eds.). Breastfeeding. Biocultural Perspectives. Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, Abingdon, pp. 1-39. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315081984-1
Thomas,Booke(1998).“TheEvolutionofHumanAdaptability.Paradigms:TowardaBiologyofPoverty”. En:Goodman,AlanyLeatherman,Thomas(eds.).BuildingaNewBioculturalSynthesis,Political-EconomicPerspectivesinHumanBiology.TheUniversityofMichiganPress,Michigan,pp.43-73
Ulijaszek,StanleyJ.(2007).“HumanEatingBehaviourinanEvolutionaryEcologicalContext”.En:Pro-ceedingsoftheNutritionSociety,vol.61,N.°4,pp.517-526.https://doi.org/10.1079/pns2002180
Uva, Blaize A. (2011). Breasts Are for Feeding: An Anthropological, Archaeological Examination of Breastfeeding. Senior Project, Social Sciences Department, College of Liberal Arts, Cali-fornia Polythecnic State University. [En línea:] https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/86db/c9c9b-f40c8c5138c82dd7a855afa537e96ed.pdf. (Consultado en julio de 2019).
Vaupel, James; Kenneth, Manthon y Stallard, Eric (1979). “The Impact of Heterogeneity in Indi-vidualFrailtyontheDynamicsofMortality”.En:Demography,vol.16,pp.439-454.https://doi.org/10.2307/2061224Waters-Rist,A.L.y
Katzenberg,Anne(2010).“TheEffectofGrowthonStableNitrogenIsotopeRatios in Subadult Bone Collagen”. En: International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, vol. 20, N.° 2, pp. 172-191. [En línea:] https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.1017. (Consultado en julio de2010).
Wells, Jonathan(2006).“TheRoleofCulturalFactorsinHumanBreastfeeding:AdaptativeBehaviour orBiopower?”.En:JournalofHumanEcology,vol.14,pp.39-47.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jonathan_Wells2/publication/228627043_The_role_of_cultural_factors_in_human_breast-feeding_Adaptive_behaviour_or_biopower/links/00b495162fa6ad85ea000000/The-role-of-cultural-factors-in-human-breastfeeding-Adaptive-behaviour-or-biopower.pdf
Williams,JocelynS.;White,ChristineD.yLongstaffe,FredJ.(2005).“TrophicLevelandMacronutri-ent Shift Effects Associated with the Weaning Process in the Postclassic Maya”. En: American JournalofPhysicalAnthropology,vol.128,N.°4,pp.781-790.https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20229
Wing, Elizabeth y Brown, Antoinette (1979). Paleonutrition. Academic Press, New York.Wood, James (1990). “Fertility in Anthropological Populations”. En: Annual Review of Anthropology,vol. 19, pp. 211-242. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001235
Wood, James; Holman, Darryl; Connor, Kathleen y Ferrell, Rebecca (2002). Mortality Models for Paleodemography. Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511542428.007
Wood,James;Milner,George;Harpending,HenryyWeiss,Kenneth(1992).“TheOsteologicalParadox: ProblemsofInferringPrehistoricHealthfromSkeletalSamples”.En:CurrentAnthropology,vol. 33, N.° 4, pp. 343-370.https://doi.org/10.1086/204084
Wright, Lori E. y Schwarcz, Henry P. (1998). “Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotopes in HumanTooth Enamel: Identifying Breastfeeding and Weaning in Prehistory”. En: American Jour-nal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 106, N.° 1,pp. 1-18.https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199805)106:1%3C1::aid-ajpa1%3E3.0.co;2-wWright,LoriE.y
Schwarcz,Henry(1999).“CorrespondenceBetweenStableCarbon,OxygenandNi-trogenIsotopesinHumanToothEnamelandDentine:InfantDietsatKaminaljuyu’”.En:Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 26, pp. 1159-1170.https://doi.org/10.1006/jasc.1998.0351
Yaussy,Samantha;DeWitte,SharonyRedfern,Rebecca(2016).“FrailtyandFamine:PatternsofMor-tality and Physiological Stress Among Victims of Famine in Medieval London”. En: American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 160, N.° 2, pp.272-283.
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2020 Bibiana Cadena Duarte
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Os autores que publiquem no “Boletim de Antropologia” aceitam as seguintes condições:
- Os autores conservam os direitos autorais e cedem à revista o direito da primeira publicação, com o trabalho cadastrado com a licença de atribuição de Creative-Commons, que permite a terceiros utilizar o publicado contanto que mencionem a autoria do trabalho e à primeira publicação nesta revista.
- Os autores podem realizar outros acordos contratuais independentes e adicionais para a distribuição não exclusiva da versão do artigo publicado nesta revista (por exemplo, incluí-lo em um repositório institucional ou publicá-lo em um livro) contanto que mencionem explicitamente que o trabalho foi publicado por primeira vez nesta revista.
