Facilitadores e barreiras para a atividade física no lazer em estudantes universitários com deficiência: um estudo qualitativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.efyd.v35n1a03Palavras-chave:
promoção da saúde, atividade física, esporte, universidade, pessoas com deficiênciaResumo
Problema: apesar dos muitos benefícios da atividade física para as pessoas com deficiência, a taxa de inatividade neste grupo é muito alta. Objetivo: explorar, a partir de um modelo sócio ecológico, facilitadores e barreiras que afetam a atividade física no lazer de estudantes universitários com deficiência. Metodologia: perspectiva metodológica qualitativa. Cinco estudantes universitários com deficiência que praticam atividade física no lazer foram entrevistados em profundidade. Resultados: a análise categorial do conteúdo realizada mostra facilitadores tais como o apoio social, a motivação e o reconhecimento de benefícios físicos e psicológicos. Existem também barreiras como a falta de informação, problemas de acessibilidade ou de exclusão social. Conclusao: se conclui enfatizando a necessidade de reforçar os facilitadores e minimizar as barreiras identificadas para alcançar uma maior participação das pessoas com deficiência em atividades físicas.
Downloads
Referências
Anderson, L., & Heyne, L. (2010). Physical activity for children and adults with disabilities: an issue of amplified importance. Disability and Health Journal, 3, 71-73.
Barg, C., Armstrong B., Hetz S., & Latimer, A. (2010). Disability, stigma, and physical activity in children. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 57, 371-382.
Barnes, C. (1991). Disabled people in Britain and discrimination. London: Hurst and Co.
Bragaru, M., van Wilgen, C., Geertzen, J., Ruijs, S., Dijkstra, P., & Dekker, R. (2013). Barriers and facilitators of participation in sports: A qualitative study on Dutch individuals with lower limb amputation. Plos One, 8(3), e59881.
Bredahl, A. (2013). Sitting and watching the others being active: the experienced difficulties in PE when having a disability. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 30(1), 40-58.
Brofenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32, 513-531.
Brofenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Buffart, L., Westendorp, T., van den Berg-Emons, R., Stam, H., & Roebroeck, M. (2009). Perceived barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in young adults with childhood-onset physical disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 41, 881-885.
Devís, J., Beltrán, V., & Peiró, C. (2015). Exploring socio-ecological factors influencing active and inactive Spanish students in years 12 and 13. Sport, Education and Society, 20(3), 361-380.
Finkelstein, V. (1980). Attitudes and disabled people. New York: World Rehabilitation Fund.
Finkelstein, V. (1981). To deny or not to deny disability. In A. Brechin, P. Liddiard & J. Swain (Eds), Handicap in a Social World: a Reader (pp.31-38 ). Sevenoaks: Hodder and Stoughton.
Flick, U. (2004). Introducción a la investigación cualitativa. Madrid: Ediciones Morata.
Giacobbi, P., Stancil, M., Hardin, B., & Bryant, L. (2008). Physical activity and quality of life experienced by highly active individuals with physical disabilities. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 25, 189-207.
Guba, E. (1983). Criterios de credibilidad en la investigación naturalista. En J. Gimeno y A. Pérez (Eds.), La enseñanza: su teoría y su práctica (pp. 148-165). Madrid: Akal.
Humbert, L., Chad, K., Spink, K., Muhajarine, N., Anderson, K., Bruner, M., et al. (2006). Factors that influence physical activity participation among high and low SES youth. Qualitative Health Research, 16(4), 467-481.
Jaarsma, E., Dijkstra, J., Geertzen, J., & Dekker, R. (2014). Barriers to and facilitators of sports participation for people with physical disabilities: A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 24(6), 871-881.
Kawanishi, C., & Greguol, M. (2013). Physical activity, quality of life, and functional autonomy of adults with spinal cord injuries. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 30, 317-337.
Kehn, M., & Kroll, T. (2009). Staying physically active after spinal cord injury: a qualitative exploration of barriers and facilitators to exercise participation. BMC Public Health, 9(1), 168.
Lawson, H. (1992). Toward a socioecological conception of health. Quest, 44, 105-121.
Lieblich, A., Tuval, R., & Zilber, T. (1998). Narrative Research: reading, analysis, and interpretation. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Martin, J. (2013). Benefits and barriers to physical activity for individuals with disabilities: a social-relational model of disability perspective. Disability and Rehabilitation, 35(24), 2030-2037.
Martin, K., Arbour, K., Latimer, A., Buchholz, A., Bray, S., Craven, B., Hayes, K., Hicks, A., McColl, M., Potter, P., Smith, K., & Wolfe D. (2010). Leisure time physical activity in population-based sample of people with spinal cord injury part II: activity types, intensities, and durations. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(5), 729-733.
Martin, K., Jorgensen, S., & Stapleton, J. (2012). Exercise and sport for persons with spinal cord injury. PM&R, 4, 894-900.
McLeroy, K., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., & Glanz, K. (1988). An ecological perspective on health promotion programs. Health Education Quarterly, 15, 351-377.
Oliver, M. (1990). The politics of disablement. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Palacios, A., & Bariffi, F. (2007). La discapacidad como una cuestión de derechos humanos. Una aproximación a la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad. Madrid: CINCA.
Patel, D., & Greydanus, D. (2010). Sport participation by physically and cognitively challenged young athletes. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 57, 795-817.
28.Pérez, V., Fuentes, J., & Devís, J. (2011). El análisis narrativo en la educación física y el deporte. Movimento, 17(4), 11-42.
Rimmer, J., Riley, B., Wang, E., Rauworth, A., & Jurkowski, J. (2004). Physical activity participation among persons with disabilities: barriers and facilitators. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 26(5), 419-425.
Sallis, J., Cervero, R., Ascher, W., Henderson, K., Kraft, K., & Kerr, J. (2006). An ecological approach to creating active living communities. Annual Review of Public Health, 27, 297-322.
Sallis J., & Owen, N. (2002). Ecological models of health behavior. In K. Glanz, B. Rimer & F. M. Lewis (Eds.), Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice (pp. 462-484). San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Shakespeare, T., & Watson, N. (2002). The social model of disability: An outdated ideology? Research in Social Science and Disability, 2, 9-28.
Shephard, R. (1991). Benefits of sport and physical activity for the disabled: Implications for the individual and for society. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 23, 51-59.
Slater, D., & Meade, M. (2004). Participation in recreation and sports for persons with spinal cord injury: Review and recommendations. NeuroRehabilitation, 19(2), 121-129.
Smith, B., & Perrier, M. (2014). Disability, sport and impaired bodies. A critical approach. In R. Schinke & K. McGannon (Eds.), The psychology of sub-culture in sport and physical activity: Critical perspectives (pp. 95-106). London: Routledge.
Stokols, D. (1992). Establishing and maintaining healthy environments. Toward a social ecology of health promotion. American Psychologist, 47(1), 6-22.
Taylor, S., & Bogdan, R. (1990). Introducción a los métodos cualitativos de investigación (2ª ed.). Barcelona: Paidós.
Thomas, C. (2004). How is disability understood? An examination of sociological approaches. Disability and Society, 19(6), 569-583.
United Nations (2006). UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities and optional protocol 2006. New York, USA: United Nations.
Vasudevan, V., Rimmer, J., & Kviz, F. (2015). Development of the Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments. Disability and Health Journal, 8(4), 547-556.
Warburton, D., Nicol, C., & Bredin, S. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(6), 801-809.
Williams, T., Smith, B., & Papathomas, A. (2014). The barriers, benefits and facilitators of leisure time physical activity among people with spinal cord injury: a meta-synthesis of qualitative findings. Health Psychology Review, 8(4), 404-425.
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
