Condiciones de higiene y seguridad y efectos en la salud de los trabajadores de las empresas de fumigación domiciliaria que utilizan organofosforados y carbamatos categoría I Antioquia 1982
Abstract
A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in a population of 58 workers belonging to 16 fumigation companies that had been using organophosphates and carbamates, toxicological category I.
The aim of the research was to determine the active ingredient of the substances used, to evaluate the hygiene and safety conditions, the way work was organised in these companies and the impact on the health status of the workers.
It was found that 87.5% of the companies were still using these products and none of them complied with all labour, industrial hygiene and safety standards. Fumigators were found to give little importance to the risk to which they are exposed, which translates into the omission of safety regulations, personal protective equipment and poor handling and application techniques.
Cholinesterase activity was related to the type of pesticide used, the type of risk and the time of exposure in hours per day. It was found that the highest number of intoxicated workers were exposed to products negative for cholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphates category I, all inhibited persons were classified in the high risk group and that the longer the daily exposure time, the higher the number of workers with inhibited cholinesterase levels.
The results lead to the conclusion that regular supervision and control mechanisms should be established for these companies, as well as epidemiological surveillance of people exposed to this risk at work, given that only 27% of the fumigators had cholinesterase levels of concern.
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