INFLUENZA EN PORCINOS DE ANTIOQUIA COLOMBIA Y SU REPERCUSION EN LA SALUD HUMANA (1)
Abstract
Influenza viruses are classified in the orthomyxovirus group (1); they are single-stranded, polysegmented ribonucleic acid viruses. They are relatively large (800-1000 A) and enveloped by a lipoprotein envelope, where the surface antigens are located (2).
Based on the antigenic differences of their ribonucleoprotein (RNP), three viral groups are known: A, B and C. Type A causes infection in humans, equines, swine and birds; type B and C apparently exist only in humans (3). Recently, in the Soviet Union, serological evidence and isolation of Type B influenza virus was demonstrated in swine from the Kiev region (4).
Influenza virus has two stable internal antigens: nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix protein (MP); and two variable surface antigens: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase enzyme (NA) (2). Nine polypeptides encoded by the virus are currently known for types A and B (5). Of the envelope antigens, hemagglutinin has been known for many years (6) and is the antigen responsible for cell infection and the stimulus for the production of neutralizing antibodies (7). Neuraminidase was described more recently (8) and plays an important role in the egress of the virus from the cell (9) (10).
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