As provas de significação estatística: seis décadas de fogos artificiais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.v34n3a11Palavras-chave:
inferência estatística, prova de significação estatística, intervalo de confiança, tamanho amostral, valores pResumo
Trás vários decênios de críticas as técnicas inferenciais baseadas nas provas de significação estatística orientadas ao rejeito da chamada hipótese nula e, embora do notável consenso alcançado entre os estatísticos profissionais, este recurso se mantem vigente tanto nas publicações biomédicas, entre elas as de Saúde Pública, como nos cursos introdutórios de estatística. Entre as muitas deficiências assinaladas pelos mais proeminentes especialistas se destacam três por ser as mais obvias e fácies de compreender: que não contribuem a complementar a encomenda da ciência, que se conhecem de antemão as respostas ás perguntas que se encaram pelo seu conduto y que os resultados que produzem depende dum elemento alheio á realidade estudada: o tamanho amostral. O artigo discute em detalhe tais limitações, ilustra a sua perniciosa presença na investigação atual e valora as razões para a subsistência da sem-razão em esta matéria.
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