Avaliação do impacto econômico de programas sociais contra a pobreza: Uma revisão dos estudos randomizados na obra de Esther Duflo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e338856Palavras-chave:
programas sociais, estudos de avaliação como tema, avaliação em saúde, avaliação de programas, desenvolvimento social, pobreza, Esther DufloResumo
As avaliações randomizadas do impacto econômico de programas sociais são escassas na América Latina e na saúde pública em geral. Objetivo: Caracterizar os estudos sobre a avaliação randomizada do impacto de programas sociais contra a pobreza na obra de Esther Duflo. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática na qual se aplica a guia PRISMA em 9 bases de dados. Garantiu-se a reprodutibilidade dos estudos selecionados e a extração da informação. Foi realizada uma síntese qualitativa dos resultados, através da descrição das populações, das intervenções, dos controles e dos resultados avaliados. Resultados: Foram analisadas 34 avaliações randomizadas de programas sociais contra a pobreza, com 41,2% em educação; 20,6% em saúde: 8,8% sobre microcréditos; 8,8% em participação política das mulheres e 5,9% em transferências diretas às populações carentes. As restantes avaliaram o uso de fertilizantes, supervisão a policiais, obtenção de emprego e controle de emissões ambientais em plantas industriais. Conclusões: Os melhores impactos foram registrados nas áreas de educação e saúde, relacionados com o capital humano, a participação efetiva no trabalho e a redução da pobreza. Esses fatores representam um apoio de grande importância para a saúde pública baseada em evidência e permite identificar os eixos de política pública para reduzir a pobreza, combater as desigualdades sociais e melhorar o uso de recursos econômicos para a gestão pública.
Downloads
Referências
(1). Gertler P, Martínez S, Premand P, et al. La evaluación de impacto en la práctica. Washington: Banco Mundial; 2011.
(2). Aedo C. Evaluación del impacto. Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas y Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe; 2005.
(3). Levitt S, List J. Field experiments in economics: The past, the present, and the future. Department of Economics, University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); American Bar Foundation; Institute for the Study of Labor. NBER Working Paper No. w14356 [internet]; 2008 [citado 2018 ago. 2]. Disponible en: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1271388.
(4). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Historia [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 ago. 2]. Disponible en: https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/12027.
(5). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Sobre L-PAL [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 ago. 2]. Disponible en https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/12027.
(6). Bernal R. Peña X. Guía práctica para la evaluación de impacto. 4.a ed. Bogotá: Universidad de los Andes; 2014.
(7). Urrútia G, Bonfill X. Declaración PRISMA: una propuesta para mejorar la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis. Med Clín. 2010;135(11):507-11.
(8). Linden L, Banerjee A, Duflo E. Computer-assisted learning: Evidence from a randomized experiment. [internet]; 2019 [citado 2018 nov. 16]. Disponible en: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/21b1/1d72cc5837868dfd6d53e3777ba03f55d66b.pdf?_ga=2.122104072.2088276111.1576525168-225180651.1564431159.
(9). Banerjee A, Cole S, Duflo E, et al. Remedying education: Evidence from two randomized experiments in India [internet]; 2005 [citado 2018 sep. 11]. Disponible en: http://economics.mit.edu/files/804.
(10). Duflo E, Hanna R. Monitoring works: Getting teachers to come to school. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 11880 [internet]; 2005 [citado 2018 sep. 11]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w11880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w11880.
(11). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Peer effects, pupil-teacher ratios, and teacher incentives: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in Kenya [internet]; 2007 [citado 2018 sep. 11]. Disponible en: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=hdl:1902.1/16787. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/LWFH9U.
(12). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Peer effects and the impact of tracking: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in Kenya [internet]; 2008 [citado 2018 sep. 11]. Disponible en: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/9607k4rf.
(13). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Peer effects, teacher incentives, and the impact of tracking: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in Kenya. Am Econ Rev. 2011;101(5):1739-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.5.1739
(14). Banerjee A, Banerji R, Duflo E, et al. Pitfalls of participatory programs: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in education in India. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 14311 [internet]; 2008 [citado 2018 sep. 11]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w14311. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w14311.
(15). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Additional resources versus organizational changes in education: Experimental evidence en: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTHDOFFICE/Resources/ 5485726-1239047988859/5995659-1239051886394/5996104-1246378480717/Dupas_ETP_SBM_05.09.09.pdf.
(16). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Can tracking improve learning? Education Next. 2009;9(3):64-70.
(17). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Education and fertility: experimental evidence from Kenya [internet]; 2010 [citado 2018 sep. 22]. Disponible en: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Education-and-Fertility-%3A-Experimental-Evidence-Duflo-Dupas/5945f8ae78c5d95eb6ad8a21e70835393958357c.
(18). Duflo E, Hanna R, Ryam S. Incentives work: Getting teachers to come to school. Am Econ Rev. 2012;102(4):1241-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.4.1241.
(19). Benhassine N, Devot F, Duflo E, et al. Turning a shove into a nudge? A “labeled cash transfer” for education. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 19227 [internet]; 2013 [citado 2018 sep. 22]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w19227. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w19227.
(20). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. Education, HIV, and early fertility: Experimental evidence from Kenya. Am Econ Rev. 2015;105(9):2757-97 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20121607.
(21). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M. School governance, teacher incentives, and pupil-teacher ratios: Experimental evidence from Kenyan primary schools. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 19227 [internet]; 2012 [citado 2018 oct. 22]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w17939. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w17939.
(22). Duflo E. Grandmothers and grandduaghters: Old age pensions and intra-household allocation in South Africa [internet]; 2000 [citado 2018 oct. 22]. Disponible en: http://economics.mit.edu/files/732.
(23). Duflo E, Dupas P, Kremer M, et al. Education and HIV/AIDS prevention: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in western Kenya [internet]; 2006 [citado 2018 oct. 30]. Disponible en: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/1813-9450-4024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4024.
(24). Banerjee A, Duflo E, Glennerster R. Putting a band-aid on a corpse: Incentives for nurses in the Indian public health care system. J Eur Econ Asso. 2008;6(2-3):487-500. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/JEEA.2008.6.2-3.487.
(25). Banerjee A, Duflo E, Glennerster R, et al. Improving immunisation coverage in rural India: Clustered randomised controlled evaluation of immunisation campaigns with and without incentives. BMJ. 2010;340:c2220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c2220.
(26). Devoto F, Duflo E, Dupas P, et al. Happiness on tap: Piped water adoption in urban Morocco. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 16933 [internet]; 2011 [citado 2018 oct. 30]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w16933. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w16933.
(27). Banerjee A, Duflo E, Glennerster R. Is decentralized iron fortification a feasible option to height anemia among the poorest? [internet]; 2011 [citado 2018 oct. 30]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c11948.
(28). Hanna R, Duflo E, Glennerster R. Up in smoke: The influence of household behavior on the long-run impact of improved cooking stoves. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 18033 [internet]; 2012 [citado 2018 oct. 30]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w18033. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w18033.
(29). Crepón B, Devoto F, Duflo E, et al. Impact of microcredit in rural areas of Morocco: Evidence from a randomized evaluation [internet]; 2011 [citado 2018 nov. 1]. Disponible en: http://www.crest.fr/ckfinder/userfiles/files/pageperso/Impact_of_microcredit_in_rural_areas_of_Morocco_2011_04.pdf.
(30). Duflo E, Banerjee A, Glennerster R, et al. The miracle of microfinance? Evidence from a randomized evaluation. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); NBER Working Paper No. 18950 [internet]; 2013 [citado 2018 nov. 1]. Disponible en: http://www.nber.org/papers/w18950. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w18950.
(31). Crepón B, Devoto F, Duflo E, et al. Estimating the impact of microcredit on those who take it up: evidence from a randomized experiment in Morocco [internet]; 2014 [citado 2018 nov. 1]. Disponible en: http://economics.mit.edu/files/6659.
(32). Banerjee A, Duflo E, Chattopadhyay R, et al. Targeting the hard-core poor: An impact assessment [internet]; 2011 [citado 2018 nov. 1]. Disponible en: https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/publications/110-%20November%202011_0.pdf.
(33). Banerjee A, Duflo E, Goldberg N, et al. A multifaceted program causes lasting progress for the very poor: Evidence from six countries. Science. 2015;348(6236):772-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260799.
(34). Chattopadhyay R, Duflo E. Women’s leadership and policy decisions: Evidence from a nationwide randomized experiment in India [internet]; 2001 [citado 2018 nov. 1]. Disponible en: http://economics.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/Workshops-Seminars/Development/duflo-011015.pdf.
(35). Chattopadhyay R, Duflo E. Women as policy makers: Evidence from a randomized policy experiment in India. Econometrica. 2004;72(5):1409-43.
(36). Beaman L, Duflo E, Pande R, Topalova P. Female leadership raises aspirations and educational attainment for girls: A policy experiment in India. Science. 2012;335(6068):582-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1212382.
(37). Duflo E, Saez E. The role of information and social interactions in retirement plan decisions: Evidence from a randomized experiment [internet]; 2002 [citado 2018 nov. 1]. Disponible en: http://economics.mit.edu/files/746.
(38). Duflo E, Kremer M, Robinson J. How high are rates of return to fertilizer? Evidence from field experiments in Kenya. Am Econ Rev. 2008;98(2):482-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.482.
(39). Banerjee A, Chattopadhyay R, Duflo E, et al. Can institutions be reformed from within? Evidence from a randomized experiment with the Rajasthan police. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research [internet]; 2012 [citado 2018 nov. 15]. Disponible en: https://www.econbiz.de/Record/can-institutions-be-reformed-from-within-evidence-from-a-randomized-experiment-with-the-rajasthan-police-banerjee-abhijit/10009526869.
(40). Crepón B, Duflo E, Gurgand M, et al. Do labor market policies have displacement effects? Evidence from a clustered randomized experiment [internet]; 2012 [citado 2018 nov. 15]. Disponible en: http://economics.mit.edu/files/8514.
(41). Duflo E, Greenstone M, Pande R, Ryan N. Truth-telling by third-party auditors and the response of polluting firms: Experimental evidence from India. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2013;128(4):1499-545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjt024.
(42). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Educación [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 15]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/educaci%C3%B3n.
(43). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Salud [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 15]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/salud.
(44). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Finanzas [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 20]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/finanzas.
(45). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Medio ambiente y energía [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 20]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/medio-ambiente-y-energ%C3%ADa.
(46). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Agricultura [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 20]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/agricultura.
(47). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Mercado laboral [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 20]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/mercado-laboral.
(48). The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. Economía política y gobernabilidad [internet]; 2015 [citado 2018 nov. 20]. Disponible en: http://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/econom%C3%ADa-pol%C3%ADtica-y-gobernabilidad.
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2021 Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
El autor o los autores conserva(n) los derechos morales y cede(n) los derechos patrimoniales que corresponderán a la Universidad de Antioquia, para publicarlo, distribuir copias electrónicas, incluirlas en servicios de indización, directorios o bases de datos nacionales e internacionales en Acceso Abierto, bajo la licencia Creative Commons Atribución-No Comercial-Compartir Igual 4.0 Internacional Comercial (CC BY-NC-SA) la cual permite a otros distribuir, remezclar, retocar y crear a partir de la obra de modo no comercial, siempre y cuando se dé crédito respectivo y licencien las nuevas creaciones bajo las mismas condiciones.
--
--
--
