Indicadores de accidentalidad laboral, normatividad y recomendaciones en Colombia.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.983Keywords:
Indicadores, índice, tasa, severidad, accidente, trabajoAbstract
Bajo la denominación de indicadores se agrupan las medidas de morbilidad y mortalidad relacionadas con accidentes de trabajo que se usan para comparación, principalmente entre periodos. El objetivo de las acciones de prevención es reducir la frecuencia de ocurrencia de lesiones en lugar de trabajo y para ello, los indicadores actúan como medidas de seguimiento, con los que se intenta representar el fenómeno no solo en términos de cantidad sino también de gravedad de las lesiones o daño a la salud de los trabajadores. En este trabajo se presentan los indicadores más recomendados en salud ocupacional: índice de severidad o tasa de gravedad; tasa y porcentaje de severidad y medida de días perdidos, En Colombia dentro del Sistema de Riesgos Profesionales no tienen acceso a este tipo de datos, lo cual hace que los indicadores mas utilizados sean la tasa de incidencia y la tasa de severidad, en lugar de los índices de frecuencia y la tasa de severidad. La otra limitante es la falta de precisión en la información sobre población expuesta, en su lugar, se usa el dato de población cobertura, como lo recomienda la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT).
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