Mortalidad por Coronavirus (COVID) SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes oncológicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.312Palabras clave:
Hematología, Mortalidad, Neoplasias, SARS-CoV-2Resumen
Introducción: la infección por SARS-CoV-2 representa un riesgo especial de mortalidad para los pacientes con cáncer.
Objetivo: identificar y describir las características clínicas y patológicas asociadas con mortalidad de los pacientes oncológicos con infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Métodos: se condujo un estudio retrospectivo, transversal y analítico entre junio de 2020 hasta abril de 2021 en tres unidades hematoncológicas.
Resultados: se identificaron 274 pacientes con enfermedad maligna hematológica u oncológica que presentaron infección por SARS-CoV-2. La mortalidad general fue del 18,6%, variables como neoplasia hematológica (p=0,026), neoplasia sólida (p=0,021), leucemias (p=0,011), síntomas como fiebre, disnea, malestar general y odinofagia, y algunas comorbilidades como enfermedad renal moderada a severa (p=0,021), la infección por VIH (p=0,032) y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (p=0,046) se relacionaron con mortalidad. El análisis multivariado evidenció como resultado que la presencia de leucemia (OR 4,23, IC 1,10 - 16,0, P 0,035), disnea (OR 9,58, IC 3,59 - 25,3, P 0,001) e infección por VIH (OR 16,5, IC 1,10 - 247, P 0,042) predicen la mortalidad por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con cáncer.
Conclusión: la mortalidad por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con cáncer es más alta que en la población general, siendo esta mayor en pacientes con enfermedad renal, VIH, diabetes y neoplasias hematológicas.
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