Causes of retinal detachment and visual outcome in children under 18 years old treated at Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.29Keywords:
contusions, retina, retinal detachment, retinoblastoma, retinopathy of prematurity, wounds penetratingAbstract
Objective: To characterize the causes of retinal detachment and to determinate the visual outcome in children younger than 18 years old evaluated at San Vicente Fundación Hospital between 2012 and 2017.
Methodology: We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with a diagnosis of retinal detachment confirmed by ophthalmological examination or ultrasound scan. Patients under 18 years old admitted to San Vicente Fundación Hospital between 2012 and 2017 were included to identify the causes of retinal detachment and the final visual acuity.
Results: 51 clinical histories were analyzed: 28 men and 23 women; 39.1% occurred in children under 1 year old, and no retinal detachment was found above 14 years old. The causes were established as: retinopathy of prematurity 23.5%, ocular trauma 21.6%, retinoblastoma 9.8%, congenital toxoplasmosis 7.8%, toxocara 7.8%, among others. The cause was not found in 3.9% of patients.
In 50 eyes of 41 patients, the final visual acuity was determined, of which 47 (94%) had visual acuity equal or worse to 20/200 and 3 eyes with better corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better.
Discussion: Retinal detachment is infrequent in children; however, its causes and outcomes are more devastating than in adults. In our environment, the main causes are retinopathy of prematurity, trauma, retinoblastoma and parasitic infections; unlike adults, children require a more careful assessment and a lower threshold of suspicion to consider life-threatening diseases.
Downloads
References
(1.) Meier P. Netzhautablösung im Kindesalter: Differenzialdiagnose
und aktuelle Therapieoptionen. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2008;225(09):779–90. DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1027515.
(2.) Rumelt S, Sarrazin L, Averbukh E, Halpert M, Hemo I. Paediatric vs adult retinal detachment. Eye (Lond). 2007;21:1473–8. DOI 10.1038/sj.eye.6702511.
(3.) Cano Reyes JC, Infante Tavio NI, González Guerrero L, Fernández Pérez SR, Herrera Cutié D. Desprendimiento de retina: una revisión bibliográfica necesaria. Medisan. 2015;19(1):78–87.
(4.) Snead MP. Retinal detachment in childhood. En: Lambert S, Lyons C. Taylor and Hoyt’s Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 5a nd. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2016. p. 546-61.
(5.) Barth T, Zeman F, Helbig H, Oberacher-Velten I. Clinical Features and Outcome of Paediatric Retinal Detachment. Ophthalmologica. 2017;237(2):63–72. DOI 10.1159/000455355.
(6.) Gallie BL, Soliman SE. Retinoblastoma. En: Lambert S, Lyons C. Taylor and Hoyt’s Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 5a nd. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2016. p. 424-42.
(7.) Fong A, Yip P, Kwok T, CW T. A 12-year review on the aetiology and surgical outcomes of paediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in Hong Kong. Eye (Lond). 2015;30(3):355-61. DOI 10.1038/eye.2015.212.
(8.) Gurler B, Coskun E, Öner V, Gómez A, Erbagci I. Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Int Ophthalmol. 2016;36(4):521-5. DOI 10.1007/s10792-015-0158-3.
(9.) Chen SN, Lian IeB, Wei YJ. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Taiwan. Br J Ophthalmol. 2016;100(9):1216-20. DOI 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307481.
(10.) Shields CL, Ghassemi F, Tuncer S, Thangappan A, Shields JA. Clinical Spectrum of Diffuse Infiltrating Retinoblastoma in 34 Consecutive Eyes. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(12):2253-8. DOI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.07.003.
(11.) Shields CL, Schoenberg E, Kocher K, Shukla SY, Kaliki
S, Shields JA. Lesions simulating retinoblastoma (Pseudoretinoblastoma) in 604 cases: Results based on age at presentation. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(2):311-6. DOI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.07.067.
(12.) Poulsen CD, Peto T, Grauslund J, Green A. Epidemiologic characteristics of retinal detachment surgery at a specialized unit in Denmark. Acta Ophtalmol. 2016;94(6):548-55. DOI 10.1111/aos.13113.
(13.) Fierson WM, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Ophthalmology, American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Association of Certified Orthoptists. Screening Examination of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prematurity. Pediatrics. 2013;131(1):189-95. DOI 10.1542/peds.2012-2996.
(14.) OPS. Guía De Práctica Clínica Para El Manejo De La Retinopatía De La Prematuridad. Washington, D.C: OMS; 2018.
(15.) Yang MB. Retinopathy of Prematurity. In: Lambert SR, Lyons C, editors. Taylor and Hoyt’s Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 5a nd. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2016. p. 299-305.
(16.) Rodriguez-Galindo C, Wilson MW, Dyer M. Retinoblastoma. In: Orkin S, Nathan D, Ginsburg D, Look T, Fisher D, Lux S, editors. Nathan and Oski’s Hematology and Oncology of Infancy and Childhood. 8a nd. London: Elsevier; 2015. p. 1747-1778.
(17.) Oréfice F, Santos V, Daniel V, Cynthia AC, Lambert Oréfice J, Alves Costa R. Toxoplasmosis. In: Foster S, Vitale A, editors. Diagnosis and treatment of Uveitis. 2 nd. London: Jaype-Highlights Medical Publishers; 2013. p. 543–69.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Universidad de Antioquia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Papers published in the journal are available for use under the Creative Commons license, specifically Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
The papers must be unpublished and sent exclusively to the Journal Iatreia; the author uploading the contribution is required to submit two fully completed formats: article submission and authorship responsibility.
