Síndrome de Dressler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.201Palabras clave:
Infarto del miocardio, Inflamación, Pericarditis, Síndrome pospericardiotomíaResumen
El síndrome de Dressler es un tipo de pericarditis desarrollada por una lesión aguda al miocardio o pericardio. Se presenta hasta la décima semana posterior al infarto. Es de mencionar que la lesión miocárdica previa al síndrome puede deberse a cardiotomía. Así, si bien el enfoque general es posinfarto, existen fuentes que se refieren al síndrome poscardiotomía. Su fisiopatología es incierta: puede deberse a una interacción entre el sistema de complemento y el tejido afectado. A la fecha no existen signos patognomónicos o criterios consensuados, lo que lo hace un fuerte reto para el clínico. Para el diagnóstico es necesario el antecedente de lesión miocárdica o pericárdica, junto con marcadores inflamatorios y alteraciones electrocardiográficas; las imágenes son útiles para descartar diferenciales y complicaciones. El tratamiento se realiza según la estabilidad hemodinámica y comorbilidades. Es necesario el conocimiento de este síndrome que, si bien suele ser autolimitado, tiene un alto número de recurrencias, lo cual afecta la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
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