Dimensión vertical: una revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.23981Keywords:
-Abstract
La dimensión vertical puede ser definida prostodónticamente como la medición vertical de la cara entre dos puntos arbitrarios, sobre la línea media. La posición fisiológica de descanso ha sido el punto de referencia más utilizado para su evaluación clínica, pero aún hoy existe incertidumbre acerca de su localización exacta, en parte por las dificultades asociadas con la manipulación del maxilar superior, o pr la imprecisión de los métodos usados. Algunos de los métodos más empleados para determinar la dimensión vertical son: distancia interoclusal, registros preextracción, deglución, fonética, cefalometría, electromiografía, fotografía, etc. Estudios comparativos de diferentes métodos concluyen que el juicio clínico y la comodidad del paciente son los factores finales que determinarán la dimensión vertical. Análisis electromiográficos muestran disminución de la actividad muscular cuando la dimensión vertical se aumenta, encontrandose su actividad electromiográfica basal tónica (actividad EMG de reposo) en una posición de apertura de entre 8-16mm. En conclusión, la evidencia disponible sugiere que la posición de descanso clínico y la posición de actividad muscular mínima (basal tónica), determinada electromiográficamnete no coinciden.
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