International legal status of the Colombian peace agreement

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.esde.v75n165a06

Keywords:

peace agreement, special agreements, international humanitarian law, normative internationalization, unilateral declarations

Abstract

The National Government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia -FARC, sought to give stability and legal security to the Peace Agreement signed in 2016 through its normative internationalization. To this purpose, it was signed as a Special Agreement under international humanitarian law, and it was annexed to a United Nations Security Council’s resolution, linked to a unilateral declaration of the State before the Organization. On these elements, the article analyzes the formula of internationalization adopted by the parties, identifying the legal status of the Agreement and its domestic and international implications. In this way, the article concludes that it is indeed an international legal document, although that quality does not necessarily provide the internal legal stability pursued by the parties.

|Abstract
= 920 veces | PDF (ESPAÑOL (ESPAÑA))
= 526 veces| | HTML (ESPAÑOL (ESPAÑA))
= 3061 veces|

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

César Rojas Orozco, Instituto de Altos Estudios Internacionales y del Desarrollo

Abogado de la Universidad de Antioquia. Magíster en Estudios Avanzados en Derecho Internacional
Humanitario de la Universidad de Ginebra, Suiza. Candidato a PhD en Derecho Internacional del Instituto de
Altos Estudios Internacionales y del Desarrollo (Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies), de Ginebra, Suiza

References

Bell, C. (2006). Peace Agreements: Their Nature and Legal Status. American Journal of International Law, 100(2), 373–412.

Bell, C. (2008). On the Law of Peace: Peace Agreements and the Lex Pacificatoria. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bell, C. (2016). Lex Pacificatoria Colombiana: Colombia’s Peace Accord in Comparative Perspective. American Journal of International Law, 110 AJIL Unbound Symposium on the Colombian Peace Talks and International Law, 165–171.

Betancur, L. (2016). The Legal Status of the Colombian Peace Agreement. American Journal of International Law, 110 AJIL Unbound Symposium on the Colombian Peace Talks and International Law, 188–192.

Caracol Radio. (2018). Farc pedirá opinión jurídica a la CIJ para implementación de los Acuerdos de Paz. Recuperado de http://caracol.com.co/radio/2018/01/14/ nacional/1515906848_061576.html

Comisión de Derecho Internacional. (2006). Principios Rectores Aplicables a las Declaraciones Unilaterales de los Estados Capaces de Crear Obligaciones Jurídicas, (58 período de sesiones).

Congreso de la República. (2016). Acto Legislativo 01 de 2016.

Congreso de la República. (2017). Acto Legislativo 02 de 2017.

Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas. (2016a). Resolución 2261. S/RES/2261.

Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas. (2016b). Resolución 2307, S/RES/2307.

Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas. (2017a). Carta de fecha 29 de marzo de 2017 dirigida a la Presidencia del Consejo de Seguridad por el Secretario General, S/2017/272.

Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas. (2017b). Resolución 2366, S/RES/2366. Convención de Viena sobre el Derecho de los Tratados. (1969).

Convención de Viena sobre el Derecho de los Tratados entre Estados y Organizaciones Internacionales o entre Organizaciones Internacionales. (1986).

Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Sentencia C-574 (1992).

Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Sentencia C-225 (1995).

Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Sentencia C-379 (2016).

Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Sentencia C-171 (2017a).

Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Sentencia C-332 (2017b).

Corte Constitucional de Colombia. (2017c). Comunicado de prensa No. 51 del 11 de octubre de 2017.

Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. (2012). Caso de las Masacres de El Mozote y lugares aledaños vs. El Salvador, Sentencia del 25 de octubre de 2012.

Gobierno de Colombia, y FARC. (2016a). Comunicado Conjunto No. 69. Recuperado de http://www.altocomisionadoparalapaz.gov.co/mesadeconversaciones/PDF/comunicado-conjunto-69-la-habana-cuba-12-de-mayo-de-2016-1463089138.pdf

Gobierno de Colombia, y FARC. (2016b). Acuerdo Final para la Terminación del Conflicto y la Construcción de una Paz Estable y Duradera. Recuperado de https://www.mesadeconversaciones.com.co/sites/default/file/24-1480106030.11-1480106030.2016nuevoacuerdofinal-1480106030.pdf

Heffes, E., & Kotlik, M. (2014). Special agreements as a means of enhancing compliance with IHL in non-international armed conflicts: An inquiry into the governing legal regime. International Review of the Red Cross, 96(895/896), 1195–1224.

International Committee of the Red Cross –ICRC. (1952). Commentary on Geneva Convention I. Geneva.

International Committee of the Red Cross –ICRC. (2016). Commentary on the First Geneva Convention (2nd ed.). Geneva.

Kastner, P. (2015). Legal Normativity in the Resolution of Internal Armed Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kooijmans, P. H. (1998). The Security Council and Non-State Entities as Parties to Conflicts. In E. Suy & K. Wellens (Eds.), International Law: Theory and Practice: Essays in Honour of Eric Suy (pp. 333–346). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.

Roberts, A., & Sivakumaran, S. (2012). Lawmaking by Nonstate Actors: Engaging Armed Groups in the Creation of International Humanitarian Law. Yale Journal of International Law, 13(1), 107–152.

Roucounas, E. (2000). Peace Agreements as Instruments for the Resolution of Intrastate Conflicts. In UNESCO, Conflict Resolution: New Approaches and Methods (pp. 113–140). Paris: UNESCO.

Special Court for Sierra Leone. (2004) The Appeals Chamber. Prosecutor v. Morris Kallon and Brima Bazzy Kamara (March 13).

Vierucci, L. (2015). Applicability of the Conventions by Means of Ad Hoc Agreements. In A. Clapham, P. Gaeta, & M. Sassòli (Eds.), The 1949 Geneva Conventions. A Commentary (pp. 509–521). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Von Hehn, A. (2011). The Internal Implementation of Peace Agreements after Violent Intrastate Conflict. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff.

Published

2018-08-06

How to Cite

Rojas Orozco, C. (2018). International legal status of the Colombian peace agreement. Estudios De Derecho, 75(165), 131–149. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.esde.v75n165a06