Susceptibilidad in vitro de muestras clínicas colombianas de Plasmodium falciparum a tres esteroides de la planta Solanum nudum Dunal (Solanaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.778Keywords:
Plasmodium falciparum, malaria, productos naturales, esteroide, solanàceos, Colombia, biological products, steroid, solanaceousAbstract
Solanum nudum es usada en Tumaco (Nariño, Colombia) para el tratamiento de la fiebre. Varios compuestos esteroidales obtenidos de esta planta han mostrado actividad antiplasmodial y bajo potencial tóxico. En este estudio se evaluó la susceptibilidad de aislamientos (muestras clínicas) de Plasmodium falciparum procedentes de distintas regiones colombianas a los esteroides solanáceos SN-1, SN-2 y SN-4. Los aislamientos se obtuvieron de pacientes con infección única por P. falciparum y fueron adaptados a cultivo in vitro. Las cepas FCB2 (cloroquina-resistente) y NF54 (cloroquina-sensible) se usaron como controles. Se utilizó la técnica HRP2 y se evaluaron siete diluciones dobles seriadas de cada esteroide. En total se evaluaron 21 aislamientos y las concentraciones inhibitorias 50% (IC50) promedio obtenidas con SN-1, SN-2 y SN-4 fueron 28,3; 175,1 y 41,8 μM, respectivamente. La sensibilidad de las dos cepas a SN-1 fue similar; la mayoría de los aislamientos presentaron IC50 a SN-1 y SN-2 significativamente menores a las de la cepa cloroquina-resistente y las IC50 de SN-2 y SN-4 no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los aislamientos sensibles a todos los antimaláricos y los resistentes a uno, dos o más antimaláricos. Los datos sugieren que estos esteroides son activos tanto sobre parásitos sensibles como resistentes a diferentes medicamentos.Downloads
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