Niveles e actividad física de niños y adolescentes durante el descanso en la escuela, un estudio observacional con el uso de Soplay
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.efyd.v33n1a10Palabras clave:
Actividad Física, Sedentario, Niños, EscuelaResumen
Marco teórico: La práctica de Actividad Física (AF) en la escuela es muy importante para los niños de hogares de bajos ingresos ubicados en zonas de- primidas. Estos niños no pueden tener acceso a programas extraescolares de AF debido a la falta de ofertas adecuadas en la zona, los problemas de seguridad, por estar en situación de niño trabajador o por falta de recursos financieros (Blatchtford, Baines y Pellegrini, 2003). La escuela parece ser un lugar apropiado para moverse durante el descanso. Sin embargo, no está claro cómo los factores ambientales en el patio de la escuela influyen en los niveles de AF de niños con edades diferentes. También existen importantes diferencias en la AF de los niños y adolescentes. La necesidad innata de moverse puede contribuir a los niveles de AF más altos en los niños que en los de los adolescentes, incluso en ambientes similares (Rowland & Hughes, 2006). Objetivo: En este estudio se compararon los niveles de actividad física de los niños y adolescentes que comparten la misma es- cuela (los adolescentes van a la escuela por la mañana, los niños van por la tarde). Método: Los observadores utilizaron el sistema SOPLAY (System for Observing Play and Leisure-Activity in Youth) (McKenzie, 2000) para obtener datos sobre la cantidad y el tipo de AF que practican los niños y adolescentes durante los descansos. Resultados: Los resultados indican que el 52, 7% de los estudiantes no realizan ningún tipo de AF durante el reposo y permanecen sedentarios, el 27,2% practica AF de moderada intensidad, el 20,1% practica AF vigorosa. 47, 3% de los escolares y adolescentes practican actividad física de moderada a vigorosa intensidad (MVPA). Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas (p <0,5) entre los niños y adolescentes, los niños son más activos durante el receso escolar que los adolescentes.
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