Overweight and obesity in adults: contributions of a geospatial analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e351984Keywords:
adults, noncommunicable diseases, geospatial model, obesity, geographic information system, overweightAbstract
Objective: To conduct a geospatial analysis of the prevalence of overweight and obesity based on the "National Survey of Nutritional Situation" of 2015.
Methodology: A cross-sectional spatial distribution analysis model is applied at the departmental level using data from the survey. Prevalences of overweight, obesity class I, II, and III according to body mass index and abdominal obesity in women and men according to waist circumference are calculated. Geographic information system tools, such as the Global Moran Index, the local spatial autocorrelation index (LISA), and G* Getis Ord, are used to determine patterns of high and low prevalence clusters.
Results: Local clusters shown in the maps demonstrate that their residuals are normally distributed in space. Randomness is observed in the spatial autocorrelation model. LISA high-high clusters are present in ten departments with these conditions (La Guajira, Magdalena, Atlántico, Sucre, Cesar, Norte de Santander, Córdoba, Antioquia, Chocó, and Cundinamarca). According to the body mass index, 38.5 per 100 inhabitants are overweight, 20.9 per 100 inhabitants have obesity, and according to waist circumference, 53.2 per 100 inhabitants have abdominal obesity.
Conclusions: The spatial distribution of overweight and obesity may be conditioned by sociodemographic variables examined in this study. The country faces the challenge of continuing to implement population health actions to reduce these conditions.
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