El reloj de las pruebas diagnósticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.754Keywords:
Reloj, pruebas diagnosticas, teoría de Bayes´s conjuntos, principios de dualidad, estructura, simetría, cocientes de probabilidad, razones de probabilidades.Abstract
En este articulo se pretende mostrar que los descriptores sobre las pruebas diagnosticas antiguos y modernos pertenecen a una misma estructura. El medio para tal efecto es un circulo (reloj), que nos permite una visión global de estos en un escenario dicotómico. Valiéndose de la teoría de conjuntos, formamos nueve subconjuntos a saber: el de la validez interna (V), el del rendimiento clínico (R), el de las prevalencias (P), los de los elementos homólogos (A y B), los de los elementos contrarios (C y D) y los de elementos complementarios (E y F); entre los componentes del reloj, establecemos semejanzas, diferencias y relaciones. Partiendo de ahí, se plantean el principio de la dualidad de los complementarios. En consecuencia, se crean nuevos índices y se comparan los conceptos modernos de cocientes de probabilidades positivo y negativo con dos de ellos. Se concluye que los índices forman una estructura cuya comprensión se hace más fácil gracias al reloj diagnóstico, medio visual para extraer las ecuaciones bayesianas y que de su análisis surge un método el cual, según los principios expuestos, ayuda a deducir estas ecuaciones bayesianas y otro tipo de formulas (duales).
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