Manifestaciones dermatológicas de la diabetes: clasificación y diagnóstico

Diana Patricia Crizón-Díaz; Camilo Andrés Morales-Cardona

doi:10.17533/udea.iatreia.58

Authors

Diana Patricia Crizón-Díaz University Hospital Dermatological Center Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-300X
Camilo Andrés Morales-Cardona University Hospital Dermatological Center Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E., Sanitas University Foundation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3187-3272

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.58

Keywords:

dermatology, diabetes mellitus, skin manifestations

Abstract

It is estimated that in Colombia there are 2,836,500 adults with diabetes, and that the disease has a prevalence of 8.4%. Exposure to elevated glucose levels affects the processes of cell proliferation and cell differentiation in all organs and tissues, as well as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and other cells present in the skin, alterations that occur in more than one third of diabetics and which may be the initial manifestation of the disease.

The frequency and presentation of these dermatoses varies according to the population studied, with a predominance of fungal and bacterial infections. Diabetic dermopathy, acanthosis nigricans, lax fibroids, pruritus and xerosis are also very frequent and are considered cutaneous markers of diabetes. This review focuses on the specific and non-specific dermatological manifestations of diabetes, as well as those related to its treatment. These manifestations can be a reflection of the current or previous metabolic state of the diabetic patient and its timely identification allows guiding the primary diagnosis, to suspect a prediabetic state or to optimize the treatment of the disease in already diagnosed individuals.

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Author Biographies

Diana Patricia Crizón-Díaz, University Hospital Dermatological Center Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E.

Dermatologist Physician.

Camilo Andrés Morales-Cardona, University Hospital Dermatological Center Federico Lleras Acosta E.S.E., Sanitas University Foundation

Dermatologist Physician. Assistant Professor. Sanitas University Foundation, Bogotá.

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