Explorando las percepciones y experiencias de estudiantes de medicina en la atención a pacientes diagnosticados con COVID-19: un análisis de contenido cualitativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.200Keywords:
COVID-19, Estudiantes de medicina, Investigación cualitativa, Infecciones por coronavirus, Atención integral de salud, Anciano, PandemiasAbstract
Introducción: los estudiantes de medicina enfrentaron numerosos problemas para combatir la pandemia de COVID-19, en la que fueron los miembros del personal médico con menos experiencia. Conocer el impacto de esta pandemia en los estudiantes de medicina es fundamental para gestionar y controlar sus efectos adversos.
Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar las percepciones y experiencias de los estudiantes de medicina durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
Métodos: realizamos un estudio cualitativo en mayo y junio del 2020, el cual involucró entrevistas telefónicas semiestructuradas con 19 estudiantes de medicina. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas telefónicas en profundidad y analizados con el software MAXQDA 10. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido convencional propuesto por Graneheim y Lundman.
Resultados: surgieron treinta subcategorías, seis categorías y tres temas del análisis de datos. Los temas incluían paradojas mentales y emocionales percibidas (sentimientos placenteros complicados por sentimientos y emociones negativas), enfrentarse a una catástrofe (enfrentarse a la falta de equipo y a una gestión desorganizada; trabajar en medio de la confusión) e intentar adaptarse a situaciones desagradables (esfuerzos individuales hacia el ajuste psicológico; intento de resiliencia como profesional).
Conclusión: la pandemia del COVID-19 tuvo múltiples efectos emocionales, educativos y laborales, tanto positivos como negativos, en los estudiantes de medicina. Este estudio destacó estos efectos al explorar las experiencias de los estudiantes. Se recomienda el diseño de un plan de respuesta organizado ante una pandemia, el cual contemple varios aspectos de la educación de los estudiantes de medicina, así como la atención al paciente y las habilidades para afrontar futuras pandemias.
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