Knowledge and self efficacy associated to HIV and AIDS prevention in Chilean women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.7643Keywords:
Knowledge; self efficacy; HIV; primary prevention; women; socioeconomic factors.Abstract
Objective. To assess the relationship between knowledge and self efficacy associated to HIV/AIDS in women from Chile with social disadvantages.
Methodology. Correlation study that uses the baseline assessment of the “Testing an HIV and AIDS intervention in Chilean women” study, carried out between 2006 and 2008, with a sample of 496 women between 18 and 49 years old, in 2 neighborhoods of Santiago de Chile. Participants answered a structured survey conducted by trained interviewers. The survey included questions about sociodemographic information, risk behaviors and a self-efficacy knowledge scale among others.
Results. The average age was 32.3+9.1 years, 72.2% live with their partner and 42.7% have completed high school education. The mean score of HIV infection knowledge was 8.9+2.5, while the mean score for the three scales used to measure self-efficacy were: “Peer rules” =9.8+3.6, “Risk reduction intentions =12.2+3.6 and “Self Efficacy Form”=20.2+4.7. HIV knowledge had a weak positive correlation with the “Risk reduction intentions” scale (r=0.19; p< 0.0001) and the “Self Efficacy Form” scale (r=0.34; p< 0.0001), however there was no correlation with the “Safe sex peer rules” (r=0.13;p=0.78).
Conclusion. There is a weak positive correlation between the HIV/AIDS related knowledge and self-efficacy among Chilean with social disadvantages.
Downloads
References
(1) Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA. Situación de la epidemia del SIDA 2009. [Intenet] New York: UNAIDS; 2009 [acceso 2011 Mar 16]. Disponible en: http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/dataimport/pub/report/2009/jc1700_epi_update_2009_en.pdf
(2) Organización Mundial de la Salud. Estadísticas sanitarias mundiales 2010. Ginebra: OMS; 2011, 177p.
(3) UNICEF. Estadísticas de Chile. [Internet]. UNICEF; 2011 [acceso 2011 Abr 16]. Disponible en http://www.unicef.org/spanish/infobycountry/chile_statistics.html
(4) MINSAL [Internet]. Situación Epidemiológica de VIH/SIDA Chile, 1984-2009. [Internet]. Santiago de Chile: Departamento de epidemiología. [Acceso 2011 Abr 16]. Disponible en http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/bolets/reportes/VIH-SIDA/Pais_84-09VihSida.pdf
(5) Dides C, Moran JM, Benavente MC, Perez MS. Salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile 2007: actualización de datos estadísticos. Santiago de Chile: FLACSO-UNFPA; 2008. 84 p.
(6) Vidal F, Carrasco M. Mujeres chilenas viviendo con VIH/SIDA: ¿Derechos sexuales y reproductivos?. Un estudio de correlaciones en ocho regiones del país. Santiago: FLACSO; 2008. 267 p.
(7) Bandura A. Perceived self-efficacy in the exercise of control over AIDS infection. Eval Program Plann.1990;13:9-17.
(8) Fishbein M, Ajzen I. Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research, MA: Addison-Wesley; 1975.
(9) Catania J, Kegeles S, Coates T. Towards an understanding of risk behavior: an AIDS risk reduction. Health Educ Q. 1990;17(1):53-72.
(10) Comisión Nacional del SIDA. Estudio Nacional de Comportamiento Sexual [Internet]. CONASIDA; 2007 [acceso 2008 Sep 15]. Disponible en http://www.conasida.cl/docs/documentos/comport/comport2.htm
(11) Rajevic P. El libro abierto del amor y el sexo en Chile. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Planeta; 2000.
(12) López F, Moral-de la Rubia J. Validación de una escala de autoeficacia para la prevención del SIDA en adolescentes. Salud Publica Mex. 2001;43(5):421-32.
(13) Cianelli R, Ferrer L, Miner S, Norr K, Peragallo N, McElmurry. Mano a mano mujer: an effective HIV prevention for Chilean women Health Care for Women International. Santiago de Chile; Santiago de Chile; 2010.
(14) Ministerio de Salud de Chile.Estado de situación de casos confirmados VIH/SIDA. [Internet]. 2009 [acceso 2010 Abr 10]. Disponible en: http://www.criaps.cl/descarga/informeVIH_2008_segundo.pdf
(15) Cianelli R, Ferrer. L, Miner S, De la Cruz R, Norr K, Peragallo N et al. Mano a mano mujer/ hand to hand woman: Una intervencion para la prevencion de VIH en mujeres chilenas. Santiago de Chile; U.S. National Institutes of Health;2010.
(16) Heckman T, Nelly J, Sikkema K, Cargill V, Solomon L, Roffman R et al. HIV risk characteristics of young adult, adult, and older women who love in inner-city housing developments: implications for prevention. J Womens Health. 1995;4(2):397-406.
(17) Peragallo N, DeForge B, O’Campo P, Mi Lee S, Ju Kim Y, Cianelli R et al. A randomized clinical trial of an HIV- risk reduction intervention among low-income Latina women. Nurs Res 2005;54(4):108-18.
(18) Sikkema K, Heckman T, Kelly JA, Anderson ES, Winett RA, Wagsraff D et al. HIV risk behaviours among women living in low-income, inner-city housing developments. Am J Public Health. 1996;86(8):1123-8.
(19) Caballero-Hoyos R, Villaseñor-Sierra A. Conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA en adolescentes urbanos: consenso cultural de dudas e incertidumbres. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45(supl 1):S108-S14.
(20) Greenblatt R, Hessol, N. Epidemiology and natural history of HIV infection in women. [Internet] 2001 [acceso 2008 Oct 20]. Disponible en http://www.reproline.jhu.edu/video/hiv/tutorials/English/tutorials/HIV_overview/references/docs/epi_nh_guide.pdf
(21) Boer H, Emons PA. Accurate and inaccurate HIV transmission beliefs, stigmatizing and HIV protection motivation in northern Thailand. AIDS Care. 2004;16(2):167-76.
(22) London AS, Robles A. The co-occurrence of correct and incorrect HIV transmission knowledge and perceived risk for HIV among women of childbearing age in El Salvador. Soc Sci Med 2000;51:1267-78.
(23) Cianelli R, Ferrer L, Cabieses B, Araya A, Matsumoto C, Miner S. HIV issues and mapuches in Chile. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2008;19(3):235-41.
(24) Cabieses B, Ferrer L, Villarroel LA, Cianelli R, Miner S, Bernales M. Conocimientos y riesgo ocupacional de VIH en trabajadores de salud primaria chilenos. Invest Educ Enferm. 2011;29(2).En prensa.
(26) Ferrer L, Issel LM, Cianelli R. Stories from Santiago: HIV/AIDS and needed health systems change. Adv Health Care Manage. 2005;5(3):63-105.
(27) Ferrer L, Cianelli R, Guzman E, Cabieses B, Irarrazabal L, Bernales M, Araya A. Chilean university students: knowledge and concern about HIV/AIDS. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2007;18(5):51-6.
(28) Ferrer L, Cianelli R, Norr K, Cabieses B, Araya A, Irarrazabal L, & Bernales M. Observed Use of Standard Precautions in Chilean Community Clinics. Public Health Nurs. 2009;26(5):440–8.
(29) Bandura A. Self-Efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1995.
(30) Cianelli R, Ferrer L, McElmurry B. HIV prevention and low-income Chilean women: machismo, marianismo and HIV misconceptions. Cult Health Sex. 2008;10(3):297-306.
(31) Novoa P, Serrano-García I. Autoeficacia en la negociación sexual: retos para la prevención de VIH/SIDA en mujeres puertorriqueñas. Rev Latinoam Psicol. 2006;38(1):21-43.
(32) Coleman CL, Ball K. Determinants of perceived barriers to condom use among HIV-infected middle-aged and older African-American Men. J Adv Nurs. 2007;60:368-76.
(33) Latkin C, Donnell D, Celentano D, Aramrattna A, Liu T, Vongchak T, et al. Relationships between social norms, social network characteristics, and HIV risk behaviors in Thailand and the United States. Health Psychol. 2009;28:323-9.
(34) Elford J, Bolding G, Sherr, L. Popular opinion leaders in London: A response to Kelly. AIDS Care. 2004;16(3):151–8.
(35) Kelly JA, St. Lawrence JS, Diaz YE, Stevenson LY, Hauth AC, Brasfield TL, et al. HIV risk behavior reduction following intervention with key opinion leaders of population: An experimental analysis. Am J Public Health. 1991;81(2):168–71.
(36) Sikkema K J, Anderson ES, Kelly JA, Winett RA, Gore-Felton C, Roffman RA, et al. Outcomes of a randomized, controlled community-level HIV prevention intervention for adolescents in low income housing developments. AIDS. 2005;23(14):1509–16.
(37) Giuvadan M, Van de Vijver F, Poortinga Y, Leenen I, Pick S. Effects of a School-Based Life Skills and HIV-Prevention Program for Adolescents in Mexican High Schools. J Appl Soc Psychol. 2007;37(6):1141–62.
(38) Lara L, Cianelli R, Ferrer L, Bernales M, Villegas N. Comunicación de pareja y VIH en mujeres en desventaja. Horiz Enferm. 2008;19(2):35-43.
Downloads
Additional Files
- mcorreahoyos, Tablas conocimientos y AE 12.22.10.doc
- mcorreahoyos, autores.pdf
- mcorreahoyos, FormatoCurriculumAutores -Natalia Villegas.doc
- mcorreahoyos, FormatoCurriculumAutores- Lilian Ferrer.doc
- mcorreahoyos, FormatoCurriculumAutores -Loreto Lara.doc
- mcorreahoyos, FormatoCurriculumAutores- Nilda Peragallo.doc
- mcorreahoyos, FormatoCurriculumAutores- Rosina Cianelli.doc
- mcorreahoyos, FormatoCurriculumAutores -Sarah Miner.doc
- mcorreahoyos, ResearchAssociatedPublicationsFormat.doc
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Derechos de propiedad / Direitos de Propriedade
English: If the article is accepted for publication, all copyright will be of exclusive property of Investigación y Educación en Enfermería. The text and the graphics included in the publication are exclusive responsibility of the authors and not necessarily reflect the thought of the Editorial Committee.
Español: Si el artículo es aprobado para publicación, todos los derechos son de propiedad de Investigación y Educación en Enfermería. El texto y las gráficas incluidas en la publicación son de exclusiva responsabilidad de los autores y no necesariamente refleja el pensamiento del Comité Editorial.
Português: Se o artigo for aceito para publicação, todos os direitos autorais serão de propriedade exclusiva de Investigación y Educación en Enfermería. O texto e os gráficos incluídos na publicação são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores e não refletem necessariamente o pensamento do Comitê Editorial.