Adsorción en sistema binario de Pb (II) y Ni (II) utilizando cáscaras de limón
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20200691Palabras clave:
modelos matemáticos, termodinámica, metales, aguas residualesResumen
La eliminación de contaminantes en fuentes hídricas es un tema ampliamente estudiado con el fin de preservar el medio ambiente. En este trabajo, se estudia el uso de cáscara de limón (Citrus limon) como bio-adsorbente en la remoción de Pb (II) y Ni (II), variando la temperatura, dosis de adsorbente y tamaño de partícula. Los materiales se caracterizaron por análisis de Espectroscopia Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y Espectroscopia de dispersión de energía de rayos X (EDS) para determinar las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los bio-adsorbentes. Las técnicas FTIR y EDS confirmaron la precipitación de iones sobre el adsorbente después del proceso de adsorción. Se encontró que las condiciones óptimas de acuerdo con la Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta (RSM) son: tamaño de partícula para Ni (II) de 1 y 0,355 mm, dosis de adsorbente 0,077 g y 0,117 g, y temperaturas de 34 y 45 ºC, para Pb (II) y Ni (II), respectivamente. Los resultados informaron que la isoterma de Dubinin-Radushkevich y el modelo de pseudo-segundo orden se ajustan mejor a los datos experimentales, lo que sugiere que el proceso de adsorción se rige por fisisorción y se da en multicapas. Los parámetros termodinámicos sugieren que el proceso es exotérmico para Ni (II) y endotérmico para Pb(II), e irreversible. El estudio binario mostró que no hay competencia por los sitios activos entre los iones.
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