Tratamiento quirúrgico y de rehabilitación de las Distrofias Musculares. Recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para la Guía de Práctica Clínica en Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.26863Palabras clave:
decisiones basadas en la evidencia, distrofias musculares, guía de práctica clínicaResumen
Las distrofias musculares (DM) son enfermedades genéticas que causan debilidad y degeneración progresiva del músculo. La Guía de práctica clínica para la detección temprana, atención integral, seguimiento y rehabilitación de pacientes con diagnóstico de distrofia muscular desarrolló recomendaciones para la atención integral de pacientes con las DM más comunes. Se utilizó la Guía metodológica para la elaboración de guías de práctica clínica con evaluación económica en el sistema general de seguridad social en salud colombiano, que incluye principalmente el uso de la metodología GRADE. El siguiente artículo recoge las recomendaciones relacionadas con el tratamiento quirúrgico y de rehabilitación de las personas con DM. Se recomiendan, en general, la cirugía de fijación espinal, de alargamiento del tendón de Aquiles, de fijación escapular y de alargamiento tendinoso; los dispositivos de presión positiva, la terapia respiratoria, los ejercicios de fortalecimiento submáximos y aeróbicos, evitar la inmovilidad prolongada, el uso de órtesis rodilla tobillo pie, las sillas de ruedas manual y motorizadas, examinando previamente la factibilidad de la prescripción y al paciente, la intervención psicológica, la terapia familiar y el uso de escalas funcionales. No se recomiendan las órtesis espinales, los ejercicios de alta resistencia y las terapias lúdicas y recreativas.
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