Gestión de energía óptima para reducir el consumo de diesel en un sistema híbrido aislado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20200471Palabras clave:
microrred, almacenamiento de energía, energía renovableResumen
Aunque el cambio climático es una realidad, muchas comunidades fuera de la red continúan utilizando generadores diesel para suministrar electricidad. Por lo tanto, este documento presenta una estrategia para reducir el consumo de diesel en un sistema fuera de la red formado por fuentes renovables (PV-HKT-WT-DG). Se han propuesto tres estrategias de despacho de energía para verificar el impacto en el consumo de diesel y las horas de operación del generador. Además, se han considerado diferentes tecnologías de almacenamiento de energía (plomo ácido, iones de litio, flujo redox de vanadio, almacenamiento de bomba y supercondensador). El software HOMER se ha utilizado para calcular el tamaño óptimo de los sistemas a través de indicadores técnico-económicos. Los resultados muestran que es posible reducir el consumo de diesel progresivamente, sin embargo el costo de la energía aumenta. Por otro lado, al usar las baterías de ion litio bajo el control ciclo de carga, la penetración del generador diesel se ha reducido considerablemente sin afectar al costo del sistema. Finalmente, los análisis de sensibilidad han demostrado que: al incrementarse la demanda, el consumo de diesel no incrementa significativamente al usar baterías de flujo de vanadio redox y las horas de operacion del generador diesel disminuyen considerablemente en todos los sistemas.
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