Direct Perception: Detecting Permanent Relational Properties in Changing Patterns of Stimulation

Authors

  • Pablo Covarrubias University of Guadalajara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rp.e350102

Keywords:

Direct Perception, Patterns of Stimulation, Invariants, Information, Exploratory Movements

Abstract

In Gibson’s ecological theory it is recognized that perception is direct. This article reviews some of the main postulates of the theory that permit to comprehend that perception is an unmediated process. For Gibson, the study of perception implies: that individual and environment maintain a relation of reciprocity, that patterns of stimulation carry information given that in virtue of physical laws specify their source in the environment, that perception is not separated from action since stimuli for perception are intrinsic and dependent on organism’s activity, and that there may be higher-order invariants in transformations of patterns of stimulation which are related to higher-order properties of environment. It is proposed that the notion of detection of invariance in stimuli combinations might be extended to the study of phenomena in operant conditioning.

|Abstract
= 3376 veces | PDF (ESPAÑOL (ESPAÑA))
= 800 veces|

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Pablo Covarrubias, University of Guadalajara

PhD in Behavioral Science; research professor at the Center for Research in Comparative Behavior and Cognition. University of Guadalajara, Mexico.

References

Clearfield, M. W., Dineva, E., Smith, L. B., Diedrich, F. J. y Thelen, E. (2009). Cue salience and infant perseverative reaching: tests of the dynamic field theory. Developmental Science, 12, 26-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00769.x

Costall, A. P., Sinico, M. y Parovel, G. (2003). The concept of ‘invariants’ and the problem of perceptual constancy. Rivista di Estetica, 24, 45-49.

Covarrubias, P., Cabrera, F. y& Jiménez, Á. A. (2017). Invariants and information pickup in the senses considered as perceptual systems: implications for the experimental analysis of behavior. Ecological Psychology, 29, 231-242.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2017.1332460

Covarrubias, P., Cabrera, F. y Jiménez, Á. A. (2021). Detection of invariants in probabilistic relations between events by means of exploratory behaviors. Journal of Behavior, Health and social issues, 13, 68-80. http://www.revistas.unam.mx/index.php/jbhsi/article/view/77678

Covarrubias, P. y Tonneau, F. (2016). Discrete and continuous stimulus control in the a-not-b sandbox task. Behavioural Processes, 127, 109-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2016.02.009

Diedrich, F. J., Thelen, E., Smith, L. B. y Corbetta, D. (2000). Motor memory is a factor in infant perseverative errors. Developmental Science, 3, 479-494. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7687.00140

Gibson, E. J. y Walk, R. D. (1960). The “visual cliff”. Scientific American, 202, 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0460-64

Gibson, J. J. (1960). The concept of stimulus in psychology. American Psychologist, 15, 694-703. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0047037

Gibson, J. J. (1962). Observations on active touch. Psychological Review, 69, 477-491. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046962

Gibson, J. J. (1965). Constancia e invariabilidad en la percepción. En G. Kepes (Ed.), El movimiento: su esencia y su estética (pp. 60-70). Organización Editorial Navarro, 1970.

Gibson, J. J. (1966). The senses considered as perceptual systems. Houghton Mifflin.

Gibson, J. J. (1967). New reasons for realism. Synthese, 17, 162-172. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00485025

Gibson, J. J. (2002). A theory of direct visual perception. En Nöe, A. y Thompson, E. Vision and mind: selected readings in the philosophy of perception. Prentice-Hall, Publicado originalmente en 1972.

Gibson, J. J. y Gibson, E. J. (1955). Perceptual learning: differentiation or enrichment? Psychological Review, 62, 32-41. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048826

Gibson, J. J., Kaplan, G. A., Reynolds, H. N. y Wheeler, K. (1969). The change from visible to invisible. Perception & Psychophysics, 5, 113-116. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210533

Heft, H. (2017). Perceptual information of “an entirely different order”: the “cultural environment” in the senses considered as perceptual systems. Ecological Psychology, 29, 122-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2017.1297187

Johansson, G. (1973). Visual perception of biological motion and a model for its analysis. Perception & Psychophysics, 14, 201-211. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212378

Kaplan, G. A. (1969). Kinetic disruption of optical texture: the perception of depth at an edge. Perception & Psychophysics, 6, 193-198. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03207015

Kretch, K. y Adolph, K. (2013). Cliff or step? posture-specific learning at the edge of a drop-off. Child Development, 84, 226-240. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01842.x

Lee, D. N. y Aronson, E. (1974). Visual proprioceptive control of standing in human infants. Perception and Psychophysics, 15, 529–553. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03199297

Lee, D. N. (1980). The optic flow field: the foundation of vision. Philosophical transactions of the royal society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences, 290,169-178. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1980.0089

Lew, A. R., Hopkins, B., Owen, L. H. y Green M. (2007). Postural change effects on infants’ AB task performance: visual, postural, or spatial? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 97, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2006.12.009

Lombardo, T. J. (1987). The reciprocity of perceiver and environment. the evolution of James J. Gibson’s ecological psychology. Routledge.

Mace, W. M. (1977). James J. Gibson’s strategy for perceiving: ask not what’s inside your head, but what your head’s inside of. En R. Shaw y J. Bransford (Eds.), Perceiving, acting and knowing: toward an ecological psychology (pp. 43–65). Erlbaum.

Michaels, C. F. y Carello, C. (1981). Direct perception. Prentice-Hall.

Mossio, M. y Taraborelli, D. (2008). Action-dependent perceptual invariants: from ecological to sensorimotor approaches. Consciousness and Cognition, 17, 1324-1340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2007.12.003

Piaget, J. (1963). The origin of intelligence in children. Basic Books. Smith, L. B. y Sheya, A. (2010). Is cognition enough to explain cognitive development? Topics in Cognitive Science, 2, 725-735. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2010.01091.x

Smith, L. B, Thelen, E., Titzer, R. y McLin, D. (1999). Knowing in the context of acting. The task dynamics of the A-not-B error. Psychological Review, 106, 235-260. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.106.2.235

Tonneau, F. (2011). Holt’s realism: new reasons for behavior analysis. En E. Charles (Ed.), A new look at new realism. The psychology and philosophy of E.B. Holt (pp.33-55). Transaction Publishers.

Published

2022-09-30

How to Cite

Covarrubias, P. (2022). Direct Perception: Detecting Permanent Relational Properties in Changing Patterns of Stimulation. Revista De Psicología Universidad De Antioquia, 14(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rp.e350102

Issue

Section

Artículo de reflexión derivado de investigación