Stratification and horizonation in context. Brief refl ection on the concepts, principles and operability of the study of soils and stratigraphy in archaeological fieldwork.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.boan.6790Keywords:
Archeology, Archaeological stratum, Stratigraphy, Pedology, Pedogenic horizon, Soil nomenclatureAbstract
Abstract. This paper reviews the nature of two indispensable scientifi c disciplines in archaeological praxis: stratigraphy and pedology, focusing discussion on the theoretical and methodological implications of both strata and horizon concepts in the context of the process of archaeological registering and interpretation, where often there are interpretive errors such as, for example, the chronological signifi cance of pedogenic horizons in the ground. Moreover, the paper claim to show the complexity of archaeological contexts from the point of view of soil and sediments in tropical environments such as Colombia, to persuade archaeologists regarding the gains and limitations offered by the process of analysis by these disciplines, and suggesting the correlation of pedogenic horizon and archaeological strata columns, as the most suitable methodology for the understanding of archaeological evidence in the context of depositions.
Downloads
References
Andrade, A. (1986). Investigación arqueológica de los antrosoles de Araracuara. FIAN, Banco de la República, Bogotá.
Bohn, H. L; Macneal, B. L y O’Connor, G. A. (1993). Química del suelo. Limusa, México.
Bollong, Charles A. (1994) “Analysis of site stratigraphy and formation processes using patterns of pottery sherd dispersion”. En: Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 21, N.o 1, pp. 15-28.
Bronger, A. y Catt, J. A. (1989). “Paleosols: problems of defi nition, recognition and interpretation”. En: Bronger, A. y Catt, J. A. (eds.). Paleopedology. Nature and application of paleosols. Catena Supplement, Cremlingen, Vol. 16, pp. 1-7.
Buol, S. W.; Hole, F. D.; McCraken, R. J. y Southard, R. J. (1997). Soil genesis and classifi cation.Iowa State University Press, Iowa.
Bútzer, K. (1989). Arqueología. Una ecología. Una ecologíía del hombre.ía del hombre.í Bellaterra, Barcelona.
Callum, K. (1995). “Archaeology in a region of Spodosols, Part 2”. En: Collins, Mary; Carter, Bryan; Gladfelter, Bruce y Southard, Randal (eds.). Pedological Perspectives in Archaeological Research.Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 81-94.
Carandini, A. (1997). Historias en la tierra. Manual de excavación arqueológica. Crítica, Barcelona.
Cremeens, D. L y Hart, John P. (1995). “On Chronostratigraphy, Pedostratigraphy and Archaeological Context”. En: Collins, Mary; Carter, Bryan; Gladfelter, Bruce y Southard, Randal (eds.). Pedological Perspectives in Archaeological Research. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 15-33.
Doyle, Peter; Bennet, Matthew y Baxter, Alistair (2001). The key to earth history. An introduction to stra-tigraphy. School of earth and environmental sciences-University of Greenwich, Greenwich.
Dunbar, Carl y Rodgers, John (1963). Principios de estratigrafi a. Continental, México.
Finkl, C. W. (1980). “Stratigraphic Principles and Practices as Related to Soil Mantles”. En: Catena,Vol. 7, pp. 169-194.
Foss, J. E; Timpson, M. E. y Lewis, R. J. (1995). “Soils in Alluvial Sequences: Some Archaeological Implications”. En: Collins, Mary; Carter, Bryan; Gladfelter, Bruce y Southard, Randal (eds.). Pedological Perspectives in Archaeological Research. Soil Science Society of America, Ma-dison, pp. 1-14.
Gasche, Hermann y Tunca, Onhan (1983). “Guide to Archaeostratigraphic Classifi cation and terminology: defi nitions and principles”. En: Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 10, N.o 3, pp. 325-335.
Gerrard, John (1992). Soil geomorphology: an integration of pedology and geomorphology. Chapman & Hall, Londres.
Harris, E. C. (1991) Principios de estratigrafíPrincipios de estratigrafíPrincipios de estratigrafa arqueolía arqueolíógica. Crítica, Barcelona.
Hassan, F. (1978) “Sediments in Archaeology: Methods and Implications for Paleoenvironmental and Cultural Analysis”. En: Journal of Field Archeology, Vol. 5, N.o 2, pp. 197-213.
Hedberg, H. (1980). Guía estratigráfi ca internacional. Guía para la clasifi cación, terminología y procedimientos estratigráfi cos. Reverté, Barcelona.
Hillel, D. (1998). Environmental soil physics. Academic Press, San Diego.
Holliday, V. (1989). “Paleopedology in Archaeology”. En: Bronger, A. y Catt, J. A. (eds.). Paleopedology. Nature and application of paleosols. Catena Supplement, Cremlingen, Vol. 16, pp. 9-13.
Jaramillo, D. (2002). Introducción a la ciencia del suelo. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín.
Jenny, H. (1941). Factors of Soil Formation: system of cuantitative pedology. McGraw-Hill, Nueva York.
Jing, Zhichun; Rapp, George y Gao, Tianlin (1997). “Geoarchaeological aids in the investigation of early shang civilization on the fl ood plain of the lower Yellow river, China”. En: World Archaeology,Vol. 29, N.o 1, pp. 36-50.
Malagón, D. (2003). “Ensayo sobre tipología de suelos colombianos. Énfasis en génesis y aspectos ambientales”. En: Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.Vol. XXVII, N.o 104, pp. 319-342.
Montenegro, H. y Malagón, D. (1990). Propiedades físicas de los suelos. IGAC, Bogotá.
NACSN —North American Comission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature— (2005). “North American Stratigraphic Code”. En: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Vol. 89, N.o 11, pp. 1547-1591.
Retallack, G. J. (2001). Soils of the Past. An Introduction to Paleopedology. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
Rowe, J. H. (1961). “Stratigraphy and Seriation”. En: American Antiquity, Vol. 26, N.o 3, pp. 324-330.
Schiffer, M. (1987). Formation Processes of the Archaeological Record. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
Schuldenrein, J. (1995). “Geochemistry, phosphate fractionation, and the detection of activity areas at prehistoric north american sites”. En: Collins, Mary; Carter, Bryan; Gladfelter, Bruce y Southard, Randal (eds.). Pedological Perspectives in Archaeological Research. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 107-132.
Simonson, R. W. (1959). “Outline of a Generalized Theory of Soil Genesis”. En: Soil Sciences Society of America Procedure, N.o 23, pp. 152-156.
SSS —Soil Survey Staff— (1999). Soil Taxonomy. A Basic System of Soil Classifi cation for making and interpreting Soil Survey. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington D. C., Agriculture Handbook N.o 436.
____________ (1993). Soil Survey Manual. Soil Survey Division Staff, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington D. C., Agriculture Handbook N.o 18.
Stein, J. (1986). “Coring archaeological sites”. En: American Antiquity, Vol. 51, N.o 3, pp. 505-527.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2010 Boletín de Antropología
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in the Bulletin of Anthropology accept the following conditions:
- Authors retain copyright and yield the right of first publication to the journal, with the work registered with Creative Commons attribution license, which allows third parties to use what was published as long as the authorship of the work and the first publication in this magazine are mentioned.
- Authors can perform other independent and additional contractual arrangements for the non - exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this issue (E.g. Inclusion in an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as it is clearly indicated that the work was published for the first time in this magazine.
