Epidemiologia da inter-relação câncer colorretal e Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 - Revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e337048Palavras-chave:
neoplasias colorretais, neoplasias do cólon, neoplasias do reto, diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, doença crônicaResumo
Objetivo: Descrever o estado da arte relacionado aos estudos epidemiológicos que avaliam associações de risco entre o câncer colorretal e o diabetes tipo 2, e as políticas de saúde pública colombianas e internacionais encaminhadas à redução de tais patologias. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática qualitativa sobre estudos epidemiológicos que avaliem associações de risco entre o câncer colorretal e o diabetes tipo 2, publicados nos idiomas espanhol e inglês em PubMed®, United States National Library of Medicine (U.S NLM®), Embase®, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe em Ciencias de la Salud (Lilacs®) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO®), antes de 30 de junho de 2019. Adicionalmente são descritas as políticas nacionais e internacionais para o controle do diabetes e o câncer colorretal. Resultados: Dos 251 estudos avaliados para elegibilidade foram incluídas 32 pesquisas originais tipo casos e controles, coorte prospectivo e retrospectivo, retrospectivos com foco de casos e controles, retrospectivos com foco casos-coorte, ao mostrar associações de risco de sofrer câncer de cólon ou reto em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Existem cinco regulamentos internacionais para o controle de diabetes e câncer e dois regulamentos colombianos de controle para ambas as patologias. Conclusões: A evidência epidemiológica a nível mundial mostra que pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 possuem um risco maior de sofrer câncer de cólon ou reto, em comparação com os não-diabéticos, numa forma dependendo da etnia e do sexo. As políticas de saúde pública colombianas e internacionais ainda não conseguiram diminuir significativamente a carga de ambas as patologias, nem os fatores de risco comuns entre ambas as condições, além de não reconhecerem os nexos epidemiológicos e biológicos entre o diabetes tipo 2 e o câncer colorretal.
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