Mochilas com qualidade ergonômica: grelha para reduzir o risco de carga e postura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e355982Palavras-chave:
ergonomia, design de produto, mochilas de campo, pessoal militar, riscos ocupacionais, saúde e segurança ocupacionalResumo
Objetivo: Validar uma nova proposta de grelha estrutural para mochilas militares de campo, projetada para reduzir a carga sobre a
coluna vertebral e melhorar a postura de flexão das costas.
Metodologia: Na fase 1, foi realizado um estudo experimental com 12 soldados (6 usando a mochila atual e 6 usando a proposta), para obter os dados de flexão das costas assumidos pelos participantes em condições reais de uso. Em seguida, com essas informações, as posturas foram simuladas digitalmente para estimar, com um modelo biomecânico 3D, a força intradiscal em L4/L5.
Resultados: O estudo mostra uma redução média de 257 N da força de compressão no disco intervertebral, o que corresponde a uma diminuição de 27,18% ao usar a grade proposta em comparação com a atual (p-valor < 0,001). O estudo também mostrou que o comportamento postural de flexão das costas é mais neutro quando se usa o novo sistema de grade (p-valor < 0,001).
Conclusão: Essa nova proposta de grade reduz a carga sobre os discos intervertebrais, desviando parte do peso para outros segmentos do corpo com maior capacidade de carga. Dessa forma, obtém-se uma melhor distribuição da carga da mochila sobre o corpo. Os distúrbios musculoesqueléticos são um problema de saúde pública na Colômbia. Portanto, é importante gerar conhecimento científico útil para os designers, promovendo assim o desenvolvimento de produtos com qualidade ergonômica
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