Fatores Associados ao Consumo de Cigarro em um Distrito Peruano de Nível Socioeconômico Alto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e357489Palavras-chave:
consumo de cigarrillo, factores socioeconómicos, salud públicaResumo
Objetivo: Identificar e classificar os fatores socioeconômicos associados ao consumo de cigarros em um distrito peruano de alto nível socioeconômico.
Métodos: Estudo transversal utilizando dados do “Censo de Saúde e Determinantes do Distrito de San Borja” (2021–2022), com 49.082 participantes. A análise focou nos indivíduos que responderam se haviam fumado cigarros nos últimos 12 meses. Variáveis como consumo de cigarros, sexo, idade, nível educacional, estado civil, situação laboral e outras foram analisadas usando regressão logística binária e a árvore de decisão CHAID (Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection).
Resultados: A taxa de fumantes foi de 3,70%. Adultos sem parceiro foram 1,46 vezes mais propensos a fumar (OR = 1,461; IC 95% = 1,184–1,803). Aqueles que vivem em apartamentos compartilhados foram 1,38 vezes mais propensos (OR = 1,383; IC 95% = 1,120–1,707), e pessoas sem casa própria foram 2,01 vezes mais propensas (OR = 2,010; IC 95% = 1,353–2,954). Homens foram 2,574 vezes mais propensos a fumar do que mulheres (OR = 2,574; IC 95% = 2,078–3,190). A árvore de decisão CHAID revelou que a instabilidade laboral foi um fator chave para os homens, enquanto crises econômicas e incidentes criminais no lar foram significativos para as mulheres.
Conclusões: A instabilidade laboral nos homens e as condições precárias de vida nas mulheres estão associadas ao consumo de cigarros. O principal perfil socioeconômico dos fumantes inclui ser homem, não possuir casa própria e estar solteiro.
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