Clinical and epidemiological round: journal club
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.v30n4a11Keywords:
hypotension, traumatic brain injuries, fluid therapy, Azithromycin, obstetric delivery, infection, transvaginal cervical length, serial fetal fibronectin, preterm birth, evolocumab, DL cholesterol, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, myocardial infarctionAbstract
In this edition of the clinical and epidemiological round, we analyzed four articles which we have considered relevant to the clinical practice. Spaite et al. studied for the first time in the medical literature the truly prognosis value of a hypotensive threshold in the reanimation of the patient with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Oluwalana et al. assessed the impact of oral administration of azithromycin during delivery on the risk of maternal and neonatal infections. On the other hand, Esplin et al. evaluated the accuracy of the transvaginal cervical length and serial fetal fibronectin, alone or in combination, to predict spontaneous preterm birth in nulliparous pregnant women. Finally, the FOURIER group’s study assessed the effect of the reduction on LDL cholesterol levels achieved through evolocumab administration, in patients with clinically-evident cardiovascular disease which have a statin optimized therapy, on the composite outcome of cardiovascular death, stroke, myocardial infarction and need of hospitalization due to unstable angina or coronary revascularization.
Downloads
References
(1.) Spaite DW, Bobrow BJ, Stolz U, Sherrill D, Chikani V, Barnhart B, et al. Evaluation of the impact of implementing the emergency medical services traumatic brain injury guidelines in Arizona: the Excellence in Prehospital Injury Care (EPIC) study methodology. Acad Emerg Med. 2014 Jul;21(7):818-30. DOI 10.1111/acem.12411.
(2.) Bárcena-Orbe A, Rodríguez-Arias CA, Rivero-Martín B, Cañizal-García JM, Mestre-Moreiro C, Calvo-Pérez JC, et al. Revisión del traumatismo craneoencefálico. Neurocirugía. 2006;17:495-518.
(3.) Carney N, Totten AM, O’Reilly C, Ullman JS, Hawryluk GW, Bell MJ, et al. Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Fourth Edition. Neurosurgery. 2017 Jan;80(1):6-15. DOI 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001432.
(4.) Algattas H, Huang JH. Traumatic Brain Injury pathophysiology and treatments: early, intermediate, and late phases post-injury. Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Dec;15(1):309-41. DOI 10.3390/ijms15010309.
(5.) Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller AB, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014 Jun;2(6):e323-33. DOI 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70227-X.
(6.) Dolea C, Stein C. Evidence and information for policy: global burden of maternal sepsis in the year 2000 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003. [cited 2017 Jun 10]. Available from: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/bod_maternalsepsis.pdf
(7.) World Health Organization. WHO recommendations for the prevention and treatment of maternal peripartum infections [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2015. [cited 2017 Jun 10]. Available from: http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/peripartum-infections-guidelines
(8.) Oluwalana C, Camara B, Bottomley C, Goodier S, Bojang A, Kampmann B, et al. Azithromycin in Labor Lowers Clinical Infections in Mothers and Newborns: A Double-Blind Trial. Pediatrics. 2017 Feb;139(2). pii: e20162281. DOI 10.1542/peds.2016-2281.
(9.) Hassan SS, Romero R, Vidyadhari D, Fusey S, Baxter JK, Khandelwal M, et al. Vaginal progesterone reduces the rate of preterm birth in women with a sonographic short cervix: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Jul;38(1):18-31. DOI 10.1002/uog.9017.
(10.) Fonseca EB, Celik E, Parra M, Singh M, Nicolaides KH; Fetal Medicine Foundation Second Trimester Screening Group. Progesterone and the risk of preterm birth among women with a short cervix. N Engl J Med. 2007 Aug 2;357(5):462-9.
(11.) Norman JE, Marlow N, Messow CM, Shennan A, Bennett PR, Thornton S, et al. Vaginal progesterone prophylaxis for preterm birth (the OPPTIMUM study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2016 May;387(10033):2106-2116. DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00350-0.
(12.) Frey HA, Klebanoff MA. The epidemiology, etiology, and costs of preterm birth. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016 Apr;21(2):68-73. DOI 10.1016/j.siny.2015.12.011.
(13.) Bloom SL, Leveno KJ. Unproven Technologies in Maternal-Fetal Medicine and the High Cost of US Health Care. JAMA. 2017 Mar;317(10):1025-1026. DOI 10.1001/jama.2017.1218.
(14.) Esplin MS, Elovitz MA, Iams JD, Parker CB, Wapner RJ, Grobman WA, et al. Predictive Accuracy of Serial Transvaginal Cervical Lengths and Quantitative Vaginal Fetal Fibronectin Levels for Spontaneous Preterm Birth Among Nulliparous Women. JAMA. 2017 Mar;317(10):1047-1056. DOI 10.1001/jama.2017.1373.
(15.) Cunningham F, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL, et al., editors. Preterm Labor. In: Williams Obstetrics [internet]. 24th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013. [cited 2017 Jun 03]. Available from: http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1057§ionid=59789186
(16.) Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM); McIntosh J, Feltovich H, Berghella V, Manuck T. The role of routine cervical length screening in selected highand low-risk women for preterm birth prevention. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Sep;215(3):B2-7. DOI 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.04.027.
(17.) Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice bulletin no. 130: prediction and prevention of preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Oct;120(4):964-73.
(18.) World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014 [Internet]. 2014. [cited 2017 Jun 4]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-status-report-2014/en/
(19.) Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social de la República de Colombia. Indicadores Básicos, 2013 [Internet]. Bogotá: MinSalud; 2013 [consultado 2017 Jun 4]. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/ED/PSP/Indicadoresbasicos-salud-2013.pdf
(20.) Stamler J, Wentworth D, Neaton JD. Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). JAMA. 1986 Nov;256(20):2823-8.
(21.) Anderson TJ, Grégoire J, Pearson GJ, Barry AR, Couture P, Dawes M, et al. 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemia for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Adult. Can J Cardiol. 2016 Nov;32(11):1263-1282. DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.510.
(22.) Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, Bairey Merz CN, Blum CB, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jul;63(25 Pt B):2889-934. DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002. Erratum in: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Dec;66(24):2812. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jul;63(25 Pt B):3024-3025.
(23.) Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G, Wiklund O, Chapman MJ, Drexel H, et al. 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias. Eur Heart J. 2016 Oct;37(39):2999-3058.
(24.) Turner T, Stein EA. Non-statin Treatments for Managing LDL Cholesterol and Their Outcomes. Clin Ther. 2015 Dec;37(12):2751-69. DOI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.09.004.
(25.) Stein EA, Raal FJ. New therapies for reducing lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2014 Dec;43(4):1007-33. DOI 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.08.008.
(26.) Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Wiviott SD, Raal FJ, Blom DJ, Robinson J, et al. Efficacy and safety of evolocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2015 Apr;372(16):1500-9. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1500858.
(27.) U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves Repatha to treat certain patients with high cholesterol [internet]. Maryland: FDA; 2015. [cited 2017 Jun 4]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm460082.htm
(28.) Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC, Honarpour N, Wiviott SD, Murphy SA, et al. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 May;376(18):1713-22. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1615664.
(29.) Giugliano RP, Mach F, Zavitz K, et al. Primary results of EBBINGHAUS, a cognitive study of patients enrolled in the FOURIER trial. American College of Cardiology 2017 Scientific Sessions; March 18, 2017; Washington, DC. Abstract 17-LB-16161-AC.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Iatreia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Papers published in the journal are available for use under the Creative Commons license, specifically Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
The papers must be unpublished and sent exclusively to the Journal Iatreia; the author uploading the contribution is required to submit two fully completed formats: article submission and authorship responsibility.