Alzheimer disease amyloid precursor protein e280a mutation flow cytometry presenilin

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a public health problem both in Colombia and worldwide. Study of the molecular mechanisms involved in this disease may allow the development of methods for evaluation and treatment of Alzheimer's disease patients and people at risk. Mutation E280A in the presenilin-1 gene leads to the development of an aggressive form of familial Alzheimer's disease. In order to define the role of such mutation on the expression of Amyloid Precursor Protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and B lymphocytes we carried out a study in three groups of people, namely: healthy carriers of the mutation, affected carriers and healthy non-carriers as controls. Flow cytometry was used for the detection of Amyloid Presursor Protein in cell membranes and intracellulary; HeLa and CHO cells were used as positive controls. Expression level of Amyloid Precursor Protein was higher in the intracellular compartment than in the cell membrane. The levels of expression in the intracellular compartment of HeLa and CHO cells were variable in contrast with those of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in which they were lower but stable. Contrariwise to the results of other authors, who have detected higher levels of Amyloid Precursor Protein in Alzheimer's disease patients, our results revealed no difference between healthy controls and carriers of the E280A mutation in the presenilin-1 gene, either diseased or healthy. Our results show that this mutation does not directly change the expression of Amyloid Precursor Protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.