The effect of grit on students’ work-engagement in surgery: A cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.159Keywords:
Colombia , Effort , Self efficacy , Students, Medical , Surgery, Work EngagementAbstract
Introduction: Determination (grit) is a desirable personality trait in medical students for favorable academic performance. Commitment to work is a desired competence in undergraduate teaching-learning processes. The effect of the determination in the ommitment to the work of the students is evaluated during their rotation.
Methods: Students rated their determination on the Short Grit Scale (GSS) and their commitment to work on the Utrecht Work.
Engagement Scale (UWES17-S). Through a mixed effects linear regression analysis, the relationships of
the previous variables were established.
Results: 327 students from ten medical schools were included. The GSS score was 2.96 ± 0.58 (1-5) and the UWES-S17 score was 3.94 ± 0.85 (range 2.4–7.0). In the fixed model, the effect of the determination on the students’ commitment to work was not significant (b = 0.04; 95% CI: -0.11; 0.19, neither in the random model that explored the interaction by medical school (b = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.0044; – 0.15). The determination did not influence the commitment to the work of the students.
Conclusions: No significant effect of determination was found on student work commitment during rotation in the general surgery course. Other aspects such as context and social interaction, should be explored.
Downloads
References
(1)Duckworth AL, Peterson C, Matthews MD, Kelly DR. Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jun;92(6):1087–101.
(2) Duckworth A, Gross JJ. Self-Control and Grit: Related but Separable Determinants of Success. Curr Dir Psychol Sci [Internet]. 2014 Oct 11 [cited 2020 Apr 5];23(5):319–25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26855479.
(3) Bandura A. Applying Theory for Human Betterment. Perspect Psychol Sci [Internet]. 2019 Jan 1 [cited 2020 Apr 5];14(1):12–5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30799756.
(4) Duckworth AL, Quinn PD. Development and validation of the short Grit Scale (Grit-S). J Pers Assess. 2009;91(2):166–74.
(5) Eskreis-Winkler L, Shulman EP, Beal SA, Duckworth AL. The grit effect: Predicting retention in the military, the workplace, school and marriage. Front Psychol. 2014;5(FEB).
(6) Credé M, Tynan MC, Harms PD. Much ado about grit: A meta-analytic synthesis of the grit literature. J Pers Soc Psychol [Internet]. 2017 Sep 1 [cited 2020 Apr 7];113(3):492–511. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27845531.
(7) Burkhart RA, Tholey RM, Guinto D, Yeo CJ, Chojnacki KA. Grit: A marker of residents at risk for attrition? Surg (United States) [Internet]. 2014 Jun [cited 2020 Apr 5];155(6):1014–22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24856121.
(8) Salles A, Lin D, Liebert C, Esquivel M, Lau JN, Greco RS, et al. Grit as a predictor of risk of attrition in surgical residency. Am J Surg [Internet]. 2017 Feb 1 [cited 2020 Apr 5];213(2):288–91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27932088.
(9) Hughes BD, Perone JA, Cummins CB, Sommerhalder C, Tyler DS, Bowen-Jallow KA, et al. Personality testing may identify applicants who will become successful in general surgery residency. J Surg Res [Internet]. 2019 Jan 1 [cited 2020 Apr 5];233:240–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30502254.
(10) Salles A, Cohen GL, Mueller CM. The relationship between grit and resident well-being. Am J Surg [Internet]. 2014 Feb [cited 2020 Apr 5];207(2):251–4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24238604.
(11) Dam A, Perera T, Jones M, Haughy M, Gaeta T. The Relationship Between Grit, Burnout, and Wellbeing in Emergency Medicine Residents. AEM Educ Train [Internet]. 2019 Jan [cited 2020 Apr 5];3(1):14–9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30680343.
(12) Shakir HJ, Cappuzzo JM, Shallwani H, Kwasnicki A, Bullis C, Wang J, et al. Relationship of Grit and Resilience to Burnout Among U.S. Neurosurgery Residents. World Neurosurg. 2020 Feb 1;134:e224–36. DOI 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.043.
(13) Cortez AR, Winer LK, Kassam AF, Kuethe JW, Athota KP, Quillin RC. The Impact of Medical Student Burnout on Surgery Clerkship Performance. J Surg Educ. 2019 Sep 1;76(5):1241–7 DOI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2019.02.009.
(14) Miller-Matero LR, Martinez S, MacLean L, Yaremchuk K, Ko AB. Grit: A predictor of medical student performance. Educ Health (Abingdon) [Internet]. 2018 May 1 [cited 2020 Apr 5];31(2):109–13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30531053.
(15) Cortez AR, Winer LK, Kim Y, Hanseman DJ, Athota KP, Quillin RC. Predictors of medical student success on the surgery clerkship. Am J Surg. 2019 Jan 1;217(1):169–74. DOI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.09.021.
(16) Isenberg G, Brown A, DeSantis J, Veloski J, Hojat M. The relationship between grit and selected personality measures in medical students. Int J Med Educ. 2020 Jan 30;11:25–30. DOI 10.5116/ijme.5e01.f32d.
(17) Kassam AF, Cortez AR, Winer LK, Kuethe JW, Athota KP, Quillin RC. The impact of medical student interest in surgery on clerkship performance and career choice. Am J Surg. 2020 Feb 1;219(2):359–65. DOI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.09.040.
(18) Kelly AM, Townsend KW, Davis S, Nouryan L, Bostrom MPG, Felix KJ. Comparative Assessment of Grit, Conscientiousness, and Self-Control in Applicants Interviewing for Residency Positions and Current Orthopaedic Surgery Residents. J Surg Educ. 2018 May 1;75(3):557–63.
(19) Asken MJ, Wyatt A, Devlin C. A review of the characteristic of “Grit” for emergency medicine resident selection and training: Making the intangible tangible? Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(3):688-9.
(20) Gardner AK, Steffes CP, Nepomnayshy D, Nicholas C, Widmann WD, Fitzgibbons SC, et al. Selection bias: Examining the feasibility, utility, and participant receptivity to incorporating simulation into the general surgery residency selection process. Am J Surg. 2017 Jun 1;213(6):1171–7. DOI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.09.029.
(21) Ray R, Brown J. Reassessing Student Potential for Medical School Success: Distance Traveled, Grit, and Hardiness. Mil Med. 2015 Apr;180(4S):138–41. DOI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00578.
(22) McCabe EM. Can Grit Be Nurtured in Undergraduate Nursing Students? NASN Sch Nurse [Internet]. 2016 May 1 [cited 2020 Apr 5];31(3):144–6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26980850.
(23) Norton J. The Science of Motivation Applied to Clinician Burnout. Front Health Serv Manage. 2018;35(2):3–13. DOI 10.1097/HAP.0000000000000049.
(24) Bakker, AB, Demerouti E. Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. J Occup Health Psychol. 2017;22(3):273–85. DOI 10.1037/ocp0000056.
(25) Zeng G, Chen X, Cheung HY, Peng K. Teachers’ growth mindset and work engagement in the Chinese educational context: Well-being and perseverance of effort as mediators. Front Psychol. 2019;10(MAR):839.
(26) Suzuki Y, Tamesue D, Asahi K, Ishikawa Y. Grit and work engagement: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 3;10(9):e0137501.
(27) Von Culin KR, Tsukayama E, Duckworth AL. Unpacking grit: Motivational correlates of perseverance and passion for long-term goals. J Posit Psychol. 2014;9(4):306–12.
(28) Hunt D, Harden RM. ASPIRE to excellence: A novel approach toward benchmarking excellence in medical schools. Educ Medica. 2016 Jul 1;17(3):97–100. DOI 10.1016/j.edumed.2016.07.005.
(29) Arco-Tirado JL, Fernández-Martín FD, Hoyle RH. Development and Validation of a Spanish Version of the Grit-S Scale. Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 7;9:96.
(30) Schaufeli W, Bakker A. UWES UTRECHT WORK ENGAGEMENT SCALE Preliminary Manual [Internet]. Países Bajos: Utrecht University; 2004. [cited 2019 Sep 4]. Available from: https://cutt.ly/jWxqCLJ.
(31) Oliver JC, Rosel J, Jara P. Modelos de regresión multinivel: aplicación en psicología escolar. Psicothema. 2000;12(3),487-94.
(32) Rue P. Make Way, Millennials, Here Comes Gen Z. About Campus Enrich Student Learn Exp
[Internet]. 2018 Jul 19 [cited 2020 Apr 9];23(3):5–12. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1086482218804251.
(33) Samuelsen BT, Desai VS, Turner NS, Kelly AM, Grawe B, Camp CL. Generational Differences in Grit, Self-Control, and Conscientiousness Among Orthopaedic Surgeons: From Millennials to Baby Boomers. J Bone Joint Surg Am [Internet]. 2019 Jul 17 [cited 2020 Apr 9];101(14):e71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31318816.
(34) Bakker AB, Demerouti E. Job Demands–Resources Theory. Wiley. 2014;3. DOI 10.1002/9781118539415.wbwell019.
(35) van den Berg JW, Mastenbroek NJJM, Scheepers RA, Jaarsma ADC. Work engagement in health professions education. Med Teach. 2017 Nov 2;39(11):1110–8. DOI 10.1080/0142159X.2017.1359522.
(36) van den Berg JW, Verberg CP, Berkhout JJ, Lombarts MJ, Scherpbier AJ, Jaarsma AD. A qualitative interview study on the positive well-being of medical school faculty in their teaching role: job demands, job resources and role interaction. BMC Res Notes. 2015 Sep 2;8:401. DOI 10.1186/s13104-015-1393-4.
(37) Yardley S, Teunissen PW, Dornan T. Experiential learning: Transforming theory into practice. Med Teach. 2012 Feb;34(2):161–4. DOI 10.3109/0142159X.2012.643264.
(38) Strand P, Edgren G, Borna P, Lindgren S, Wichmann-Hansen G, Stalmeijer RE. Conceptions of how a learning or teaching curriculum, workplace culture and agency of individuals shape medical student learning and supervisory practices in the clinical workplace. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2015 May;20(2):531-57. DOI 10.1007/s10459-014-9546-0.
(39) Alhaqwi AI, Taha WS. Promoting excellence in teaching and learning in clinical education. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2015 Mar 1;10(1):97–101.
(40) Bates J, Ellaway RH. Mapping the dark matter of context: a conceptual scoping review. Med Educ [Internet]. 2016 Aug 1 [cited 2020 Apr 9];50(8):807–16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27402041.
(41) Billett S. Constituting the workplace curriculum. J Curric Stud. 2006 Feb;38(1):31–48.
(42) Datu JAD. Beyond Passion and Perseverance: Review and Future Research Initiatives on the Science of Grit. Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 27;11:545526. DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.545526.
(43) Chisholm-Burns MA, Berg-Poppe P, Spivey CA, Karges-Brown J, Pithan A. Systematic review of noncognitive factors influence on health professions students’ academic performance. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2021 Mar 26. DOI 10.1007/s10459-021-10042-1.
(44) Hill E, Bowman K, Stalmeijer R, Hart J. You’ve got to know the rules to play the game: how medical students negotiate the hidden curriculum of surgical careers. Med Educ [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2019 Jun 28];48(9):884–94. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/medu.12488.
(45) Sutton PA, Mason J, Vimalachandran D, McNally S. Attitudes, motivators, and barriers to a career in surgery: a national study of U.K. undergraduate medical students. J Surg Educ [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2018 Nov 23];71(5):662–7. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1931720414000786.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Iatreia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Papers published in the journal are available for use under the Creative Commons license, specifically Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
The papers must be unpublished and sent exclusively to the Journal Iatreia; the author uploading the contribution is required to submit two fully completed formats: article submission and authorship responsibility.
