Activismo lingüístico digital para lenguas minoritarias: el caso del catalán

Sergi Alvarez-Vidal

doi:10.17533/udea.mut.v18n2a14

Auteurs-es

Sergi Alvarez-Vidal Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6355-4559

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.mut.v18n2a14

Mots-clés :

activisme linguistique, fracture linguistique numérique, catalan, langues minoritaires, Softcatalà, Viquipèdia

Résumé

L’essor de l’Internet et l’évolution des technologies langagières, en particulier les systèmes de traduction automatisée et les grands modèles de langage, ont radicalement transformé les conditions d’accès à la connaissance, la production textuelle et la circulation mondiale de l’information. Ces innovations ont facilité la communication multilingue, mais ont également renforcé les dynamiques de concentration linguistique qui peuvent affecter négativement la visibilité, le prestige et la fonctionnalité des langues minoritaires, générant ce que l’on a appelé la « fracture numérique linguistique ». Ce phénomène met en péril la durabilité de ces langues dans l’écosystème numérique en limitant leur présence sur les plateformes technologiques et en restreignant leur capacité à s’adapter aux nouveaux environnements de communication. Cet article analyse de manière critique l’impact de cette fracture sur la diversité linguistique et examine le rôle de l’activisme linguistique numérique en tant que forme d’action collective visant à contrecarrer ces asymétries. Dans ce cadre, le cas du catalan est étudié à travers deux initiatives emblématiques : Viquipèdia et Softcatalà, une organisation à but non lucratif pionnière dans le développement des technologies linguistiques en catalan. Les deux propositions illustrent comment l’engagement soutenu des communautés linguistiques peut se traduire par la création d’infrastructures numériques, de ressources linguistiques ouvertes et d’espaces pour une utilisation significative en ligne, au-delà des politiques gouvernementales.

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Biographie de l'auteur-e

Sergi Alvarez-Vidal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Maître de conférences à l’Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Ses recherches sont interdisciplinaires, centrées sur la linguistique computationnelle, en particulier à la confluence entre la traduction automatique et la traduction humaine, et incluent des aspects techniques ainsi que cognitifs de la traduction : post-édition, évaluation de la traduction automatique et étude du processus de traduction. Il s’intéresse également à l’impact de la traduction automatique sur les langues minoritaires, à la manière dont les locuteurs de ces langues utilisent ces outils, ainsi qu’à leur rôle dans les processus de conservation et de revitalisation linguistiques.

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