A literature review on the causal relationship between Occlusal Factors (OF) and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) I: descriptive epidemiological studies
Keywords:
Occlusion, Temporomandibular disorders, Etiology, Occlusal factors, Temporomandibular joint, Epidemiologic studiesAbstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of musculoskeletal/rheumatologic disorders of the orofacial region that directly involve the masticatory system. TMD etiology is controversial, and even though different anatomical, psychological, traumatic, and pathophysiologic factors have been considered contributors to TMD development, the current evidence does not allow establishing a clear relationship with any factor. However, occlusal factors (OF) have been associated with TMD etiology throughout history, and many studies have been done to clarify the relationship between TMDs and OFs. Regarding the role of occlusion in TMD etiology, there is currently a disagreement between general dentists and TMD specialists but also among specialists themselves. This diversity of opinions shows the need to continuously analyze the possible relationship between OFs and TMDs. This first article presents a review of the descriptive epidemiologic studies found in the literature that have been carried out to study the relationship between TMDs and OFs. The analysis of these epidemiologic reports indicates that there is no tendency to consider any OF related to TMD etiology and that possibly other factors should be considered in the development of TMDs.
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References
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