Prevalencia de algunos componentes del síndrome metabólico en escolares y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad. Hallazgos del estudio de factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular en escolares y adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.penh.9339Palabras clave:
síndrome metabólico, escolares, adolescentes, sobrepeso, obesidadResumen
El aumento en la prevalencia del sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares y adolescentes aumenta el riesgo de síndrome metabólico. Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de algunos componentes del síndrome metabólico en escolares y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad comparados con un grupo control. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal derivado del estudio “Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en escolares y adolescentes de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, 2003”. Se consideraron componentes del síndrome metabólico triglicéridos ≥110 mg/dL, cHDL ≤40 mg/dL, glucosa en ayunas ≥100 mg/dL, presión arterial mm Hg ≥ percentil 90. Resultados: muestra final 121 obesos, 240 con sobrepeso y 361 controles. De los componentes evaluados, los triglicéridos y la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica fueron significativamente menores en el grupo control, en quienes el cHDL fue significativamente mayor. Las prevalencias de la presencia de uno o más de los componentes de síndrome metabólico mostró una tendencia positiva con el índice de masa corporal, de tal forma que los escolares y adolescentes con obesidad mostraron la mayor prevalencia en la presencia de tres o más componentes del síndrome Conclusión: el sobrepeso y la obesidad se asocian con una mayor prevalencia del síndrome metabólico. Sin embargo, los escolares y adolescentes con un índice de masa corporal normal presentan tanto factores de riesgo como alteración en algunos componentes del síndrome metabólico que los hacen igualmente susceptibles a su desarrollo.
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Tucker LA, Fridman GM. Television viewing and obesity in adult males. Am J Public Health. 1989;79:516–8.
Tucker LA, Bagwell M. Television viewing and obesity in adult females. Am J Public Health. 1991;81:908–11.
OMS. Informe sobre la salud en el mundo 2002: reducir los riesgos y promover una vida sana. Ginebra; 2002.
Kavey RE. Daniela SR, Lauer RM. American Hearth Association guidelines for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease beginning in childhood. Circulation. 2003;107:1562-6.
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Agirbasli M, Fakir S, Ozme S, Ciliv G. Metabolic syndrome in Turhish children and adolescents. Metabol Clin Exper. 2006;55:1002-6.
Rodriguez M, Salazar B, Violante R, Guerrero F. Metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents aged 10-18 years. Diabetes Care. 2004:27:2516-7.
Merino M, Reiff A, Moura A, Valeria G. Insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescent girls: association with overweight and metabolic disorder. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006;74:183-8.
Mikkola I, Keinanen S, Laakso M, Jokelainen J, Harkonen P, Meyer-Rochow V, et al. Metabolic syndrome in connection with IBM in young Finnish male adults. Diab Res Clin Pract. 2006.doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2006.09.019.
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González A. Consenso mexicano sobre el tratamiento integral del síndrome metabólico. Rev Mex Cardiol. 2002;13:4-30.
Li Ch, Lin J, Lee S, Tseng R. Associations between the metabolic syndrome and its components, watching television and physical activity. Public Health. 007;121:83-91.
Tucker LA, Fridman GM. Television viewing and obesity in adult males. Am J Public Health. 1989;79:516–8.
Tucker LA, Bagwell M. Television viewing and obesity in adult females. Am J Public Health. 1991;81:908–11.
OMS. Informe sobre la salud en el mundo 2002: reducir los riesgos y promover una vida sana. Ginebra; 2002.
Kavey RE. Daniela SR, Lauer RM. American Hearth Association guidelines for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease beginning in childhood. Circulation. 2003;107:1562-6.
Halley E, Borges G, Talavera J, Orozco R, Vargas C, Huitrón G, et al. Body mass index and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents in two Mexicans populations. J Adolesc Health. 2007;40:521-6.
Agirbasli M, Fakir S, Ozme S, Ciliv G. Metabolic syndrome in Turhish children and adolescents. Metabol Clin Exper. 2006;55:1002-6.
Rodriguez M, Salazar B, Violante R, Guerrero F. Metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents aged 10-18 years. Diabetes Care. 2004:27:2516-7.
Merino M, Reiff A, Moura A, Valeria G. Insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescent girls: association with overweight and metabolic disorder. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006;74:183-8.
Mikkola I, Keinanen S, Laakso M, Jokelainen J, Harkonen P, Meyer-Rochow V, et al. Metabolic syndrome in connection with IBM in young Finnish male adults. Diab Res Clin Pract. 2006.doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2006.09.019.
Perichart O, Balas M, Schiffman E, Barbato A, Vadillo F. Obesity increases metabolit syndrome risk factors in school-aged children from an urban school in Mexico. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:81.
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