Critical Race and Decolonial Theory Intersections to Understand the Context of ELT in the Global South
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v27n3a13Keywords:
critical race theory, decoloniality, deracialisation, decolonisation, CRT, ELTAbstract
Critical race theory (CRT) questions social practices that have perpetuated discrimination and social inequality. Decolonial studies coincide with these efforts to deracialise elt practices, explaining racialisation as dominant structures constituted in whiteness-centred practices that situate some in disadvantage (usually non-white) while privileging others (usually white). In the context of English language teaching (ELT), that colonisation/racialisation can take the form of some hierarchisation of English native speakers from the Global North while otherising non-native speakers of English and native speakers of English from the Global South. Therefore, coloniality/racialisation are useful terms to explain practices that value foreign over local identities alienating regional/local views and languages. In this article, the links between CRT and decolonial theories are explored and colonisation/racialisation of ELT are approached through the analysis of macro and micro practices developed in two public universities, one in Colombia and one in Brazil. The aim is to disrupt those practices by making evident decolonisation/deracialisation efforts in undergraduate and graduate students’ proposals.
Downloads
References
Apple, M. W. (1995). Education and power. Routledge.
Archanjo, R., Barahona, M., & Finardi, K. R. (2019). Identity of foreign language pre-service teachers to speakers of other languages: Insights from Brazil and Chile. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 21(1), 71–84.
Banton, M. (2001). Progress in ethnic and racial studies. Ethnic and Racial Studies,24(2), 173–194. http://doi.org/10.1080/01419870020023409
Bernasconi, R. (Ed.) (2001). Race. Blackwell Publishers.
Bogotá, Alcaldía Mayor. (2004). Estratificación en Bogotá y estudios relacionados 1983-2004. Encuesta de capacidad de pago. http://www.sdp.gov.co/portal/page/portal/PortalSDP/InformacionTomaDecisiones/Estratificacion_Socioeconomica/QueEs/fee_la_estratificacion_de_bogota_dc_1983_2004.pdf
Bonnet, A. (2000). White identities: Historical and international perspectives. Prentice Hall.
Bonilla-Medina, S. X. (2008). Evaluating English textbooks: A cultural matter. how Journal, 15(1), 167–191.
Bonilla-Medina. S. X. (2018). Racial identity in educational practices in the context of Colombia. [Doctoral thesis in Education]. University of East London, London.
Bonilla-Medina S. X., & Cruz-Arcila, F. (2021). Configuración de identidad racial de aprendientes de segundas lenguas en el contexto colombiano. Folios, (54), 151–168.
Bonilla-Medina S. X., & Rubio-Cancino, E. (2020). Language institutes, curricular practices and teacher identity construction: An analysis from the view of crt. [conference]. Asocopi, Bogotá, Colombia.
Bonilla-Medina, S. X., Varela, K. V., & García, K. (2021). Configuration of racial identities of learners of English. Profile Issues in TeachersProfessional Development, 23(2), 137-150.
Castro-Gómez, S. (2000). Ciencias sociales, violencia epistémica y el problema de la invención del otro. In E. Lander (Ed.), La colonialidad del saber, eurocentrismo y ciencias sociales (pp. 145–163). clacso.
Castro-Gómez, S. (2005a). La hybris del punto cero: ciencia, raza e ilustración en la Nueva Granada (1750-1816). Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
Castro-Gómez, S. (2005b). La poscolonialidad explicada a los niños. Universidad del Cauca, Instituto Pensar, Universidad Javeriana.
Chiappa, R., & Finardi, K. R. (2021). Coloniality prints in internationalisation of higher education: The case of Brazilian and Chilean international scholarships. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South, 5(1), 25–45.
Cruz-Arcila, F. (2017). Recognising invisibility: The positioning of rural English language teachers in the Colombian context. [Doctoral thesis: Language discourse and communication program]. King’s College, London.
Clarke, S., & Garner, S. (2009). White identities: A critical sociological approach. Pluto Press.
Delgado, R., & Stefancic, J. (2000). Critical race theory: The cutting edge (2nd. Ed.). Temple University Press.
De Mejía, A.-M. (2019). Introduction of English in primary education in Colombia: Reality of wishful thinking? In K. Finardi (Org.), English in the South (pp. 179-193). Eduel.
Diniz de Figueiredo, E. H., & Martinez, J. (2021). The locus of enunciation as a way to confront epistemological racism and decolonize scholarly knowledge. Applied Linguistics, 42(2), 355–359.
Durham-Barnes, J. (2015). Engaging preservice teachers in critical dialogues on race (pp. 1–12). Sage Open.
Entwistle, H. (2011). Class, culture and education. Routledge.
Finardi, K. R. (2019). English in the South. Eduel.
Finardi, K. R., & Archanjo, R. (2018). Washback effects of the science without borders, English without borders and language without borders programs in Brazilian language policies and rights. In M. Siiner, F. Hult, & T. Kupisch. (Orgs.), Language policy and language acquisition planning (pp. 173–185). Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75963-0
Finardi, K. R., & Guimarães, F. F. (2019). Local agency in national language policies: The internationalisation of higher education in a Brazilian institution. Current Issues in Language Planning, 22(1-2), 157–179.
Finardi, K., Moore, P., & Guimarães, F. (2021). Glocalization and internationalization in university language policy making. In F. D. Rubio-Alcalá, & D. Coyle. (Orgs.), Developing and evaluating quality bilingual practices in higher education (pp. 54–72). Multilingual Matters.
Finardi, K. R., Sembiante, S., Amorim, G. B, & Veronez, T. (2020). Internationalizations in two loci of enunciation the south and global north. ETD: Educação Temática Digital, 22(3), 591–611. https://doi.org/10.20396/etd.v22i3.8659311
Flores, N., & Rosa, J. (2015). Undoing appropriateness: raciolinguistic ideologies and language diversity in education. Harvard Educational Review, 85(2), 149–171.
Forero-Mondragón, A. J. (2021). The discourse of standard English: An exercise of disciplinary power in international scholarships? [Master’s thesis: Master in Applied Linguistics for Teaching English as a Foreign Language]. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá.
Gillborn, D. (2006). Citizenship education as placebo ‘standards’, institutional racism and education policy. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 1(1), 83-104.
Gillborn, D. (2010). Reform, racism and the centrality of whiteness: Assessment, ability and the ‘new eugenics’. Irish Educational Studies, 29(3), 231–252.
González, A. (2007). Professional development of ESL teachers in Colombia: between colonial and local practice. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 12(1), 309–332.
Guimarães, F. F., & Finardi, K. R. (2019). Internationalization and language policies in Brazil: Evidence of the interface at UFES. Revista Organon, 3(66), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.22456/2238-8915.89923
Guerrero, C. H. (2008). Bilingual Colombia. What does it mean to be bilingual within the framework of the National Plan of Bilingualism. Profile: Issues in Teacher´s Professional Development, 10(1), 27–45.
Guerrero Nieto, C. H., & Quintero Polo, Á. H. (2009). English as a neutral language in the Colombian National Standards: A constituent of dominance in English language education. Profile: Issues in Teachers Professional Development, 11(2), 135–150.
Hemphill, D., & Blakely, E. (2019). English language learning in globalised spaces, from monocultural standardization to hybridized translanguaging. In D. Macedo (Ed.), Decolonialising foreign language education. The misteaching of English and other imperial languages. Routledge.
Kirkup, J. (1994). The teacher of American business English. In D. Leavitt, & M. Mitchell (Eds.), The Penguin book of gay short stories (pp. 166-177). Penguin.
Kubota, R. (2020). Confronting epistemological racism, decolonizing scholarly knowledge: Race and gender in applied linguistics. Applied Linguistics, 41(5), 712–732.
Kubota, R., & Lin, A. (2006). Race, culture and identities in second language education. Exploring critical engaged practice. Taylor and Francis Group.
Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. F. (Eds.). (2006). Education research in the public interest: Social justice, action, and policy. Teachers College Press.
Leonardo, Z. (2002). The souls of white folk: Critical pedagogy, whiteness studies, and globalization discourse. Race, Ethnicity and Education, 5(1), 29-50.
Martínez, J. Z. (2021). Pode a linguística aplicada desnaturalizar políticas e práticas de internacionalização da educação superior? In K. Finardi, C. Sant’anna, & G. B. Amorin, (Orgs.), Linguística aplicada na contemporaneidade: temáticas e desafios (pp. 231–256). Pontes Editores.
Mato, D. (2020). El racismo en los sistemas institucionales de educación superior. en educación superior y pueblos indigenas y afrodescendentes en América Latina. Las múltiples formas del racismo. Eduntref, Editorial de la Universidad Nacional del Tres de Febrero.
Mena, M., & García, O., (2020). ‘Converse racialisation’ and ‘un/marking’ language: The making of a bilingual university in a neoliberal world. Language in Society (pp. 1–22). The Graduate Center, University of New York.
Murji, K. & Solomos, J. (Eds.) (2005). Racialization. Studies in theory and practice. Oxford University Press.
Núñez-Pardo, A. (2020). Inquiring into the coloniality of knowledge, power, and being in EFL textbooks. how Journal, 27(2), 113–133.
Nussbaum, M. (2011). Creating capabilities —The human development approach. Harvard University Press.
Ortega, Y. (2021). ‘I wanted to be white’: Understanding power asymmetries of whiteness and racialisation. Whiteness and Education, 6(2), 147–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/23793406.2021.1920046
Perez-Bonfante (in press). Negotiating my cultured self in a cross-cultural efl online community of practice. [Master thesis in applied linguistics for tefl]. Universidad Francisco José de Caldas. Bogotá, Colombia.
Piccin, G. F. O., & Finardi, K. R. (2019). Questioning global citizenship education in the internationalisation agenda. SFU Educational Review, 12(3), 73–89.
Piccin, G., & Finardi, K. R. (2021). Abordagens críticas/decoloniais na educação superior: (in)visibilidades nas/das epistemologias de (des)construção das internacionalizações. Línguas & Letras, 21(50), https://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/linguaseletras/article/view/27121
Pulido-Bohórquez, A. F., & Barrero-López, K. (2019). Inclusion and diverse capabilities: An action-research implementing a sintetisation process during the English class with eleventh graders [Monograph B. A. in Foreign Languages: Spanish-English]. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá.
Sifakis, N. C. (2019). Principles and challenges of ELF for EFL teaching and teacher education: The elf awareness perspective. In K. R. Finardi (Ed.), English in the South (pp. 133–155). Eduel.
Simoneli, B., & Finardi, K. R. (2020). Meeting the Other in literature and elt through the critical analysis of a short story. Studies in English Language Teaching, 8(2), 1–21.
Souza, L. M. M. (2019). Globalization, internationalization, and the phenomenon of English in the South. In K. Finardi (Ed.), English in the South (pp. 22–50). Eduel.
Soto-Molina, J. E. (2018). Interculturalidad y descolonización en la adquisición del inglés como lengua extranjera. En J. E. Soto-Molina, & J. J. Trillos-Pacheco, Lenguaje, interculturalidad y descolonización en América Latina. Latina (pp. 72–93). Universidad del Atlántico.
Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (2019). Proyecto universitario institucional. http://www1.udistrital.edu.co:8080/documents/11171/0b3bf491-87f5-4e5d-97f2-dc3c70a6fe0e
Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (1994). Acuerdo 022, del 23 de noviembre, por el cual se crea la oficina de relaciones interinstitucionales de la universidad y se modifica la planta del personal administrativo. https://ceri.udistrital.edu.co/archivos/normatividadCERI/docsNormCERI03Sept2012/1.%20ACUERDO%20CSU%20CREACION%20OF.%20REL.%20INTERINSTITUCIONALES%20022%20-%201994.pdf
Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (2001). Acuerdo 02, del 27 de abril, por el cual se crea el Instituto de Lenguas de la Universidad Distrital y se reglamenta su estructura y funcionamiento.
Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (2010). Acuerdo 08, del 02 de septiembre, por el cual se dictan políticas para incorporar en los planes de estudios de los proyectos curriculares de pregrado de la Universidad, créditos académicos conducentes a la formación de competencias básicas comunicativas en segunda lengua.
Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas —ilud—. (2021). Programa institucional de plurilingüismo ilud. Documento institucional, Bogotá.
Villegas, D. (2018). From the self to the screen: A journey guide for auto-etnography in online communities. Journal of Marketing Management, 34(3-4), 243–262.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.