Volonté des étudiants universitaires en Espagne de connecter leur caméra pendant la pandemie causée par la covid-19
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v27n2a01Mots-clés :
COVID-19, apprentissage en ligne, caméras Web, l’enseignement supérieur, enseignement à distance d’urgenceRésumé
Suite à la pandémie générée par le covid-19, les établissements d'enseignement ont commencé à dispenser leurs cours à distance. Au cours de ceux-ci, la majorité des étudiants ont choisi de garder la webcam éteinte, ce qui a provoqué la démotivation et l'incertitude des enseignants. Les différentes études qui se penchent sur ce comportement présentent des raisons atomisées et sans lien entre elles. C'est pourquoi cette recherche a voulu offrir une vision holistique des raisons qui ont conduit les étudiants à activer ou non la caméra pendant la pandémie. Les données obtenues par le biais d'un questionnaire administré à 305 étudiants de différentes universités espagnoles ont révélé une tendance à suivre la décision de la majorité concernant la connexion ou non de la caméra pendant les cours, ainsi qu'une réticence à se montrer aux camarades de classe dans des environnements détendus. D'autre part, bien qu'aucune différence significative n'ait été constatée entre les hommes et les femmes concernant la fréquence d'utilisation, les participants masculins ont attribué moins d'importance à l'image personnelle projetée et aux ressources de connexion disponibles. Les résultats montrent également que l'importance attribuée à la fois à la génération d'une présence sociale dans la classe et à la qualification académique est un prédicteur de sa fréquence d'utilisation. Ces résultats suggèrent l'utilisation de stratégies qui encouragent les étudiants de l'enseignement supérieur à connecter la webcam pendant l'enseignement par le biais de systèmes de vidéoconférence.
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