Disposição de estudantes universitários na Espanha para conectar sua câmera durante a pandémia da covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v27n2a01Palavras-chave:
COVID-19, aprendizagem online, Educação superior, câmeras web, ensino remoto de emergênciaResumo
Em decorrência da pandemia gerada pela covid-19, as instituições de ensino passaram a ministrar suas aulas remotamente, por meio de sistemas de videoconferência, durante os quais a maioria dos alunos optou por manter a webcam desligada, causando desmotivação e incerteza entre os professores. Os diferentes estudos que investigam esse comportamento apresentam motivos atomizados e desconexos, por isso esta pesquisa oferece uma visão holística dos motivos que levaram os alunos a ativar ou não a câmera durante a pandemia do covid-19. Com base nos dados obtidos através de um questionário aplicado a 305 estudantes de diferentes universidades espanholas, esta pesquisa explicativa identifica dimensões de natureza social, pessoal, econômica e acadêmica que, combinadas, parecem revelar tais razões. Os resultados mostram uma tendência em seguir a decisão da maioria de conectar ou não a câmera durante as aulas, bem como uma relutância em se mostrar aos colegas em ambientes descontraídos. Por outro lado, embora não tenham sido encontradas diferenças significativas entre homens e mulheres quanto à frequência de uso, os participantes do sexo masculino atribuíram menos importância tanto à imagem pessoal projetada quanto aos recursos de conexão disponíveis ao manter o telefone ligado. Além disso, mostram que a importância atribuída tanto à geração de presença social em sala de aula quanto à qualificação acadêmica são preditores de sua frequência de uso. Esses resultados sugerem o uso de estratégias não impostas que estimulem estudantes do ensino superior a conectarem a webcam durante o ensino por meio de sistemas de videoconferência.
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