Ensino de inglês on-line a alunos com transtorno do espectro autista e síndrome de Down durante a pandemia da COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v26n3a13Palavras-chave:
transtorno do espectro autista, síndrome de Down, necessidades educacionais especiais, ensino de inglês, TIC, COVID-19Resumo
A realidade inédita do covid-19 tem levado alunos e professores a se adaptarem a novas rotinas e recursos tecnológicos para atender às necessidades pedagógicas geradas por essa emergência global de saúde. Este estudo de caso explorou uma intervenção metodológica com alunos de um projeto de ensino de inglês para alunos com necessidades educacionais diversas em Manizales, Colômbia. Nossa equipe de dois professores universitários e sete professores em treinamento ofereceu aulas de inglês online para 17 alunos com transtorno do espectro do autismo (tea) e 13 com síndrome de Down (sd). Para isso, utilizamos os princípios do Design Universal para a Aprendizagem (udl, em inglês) e um método eclético que combina estratégias de três abordagens específicas: o modelo de Apresentação, Prática e Produção (ppp), o modelo Tratamento e Educação de Crianças com Autismo e Problemas de Comunicação Associados (teacch, em inglês) e um método de gestão comportamental. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o impacto da implementação de tais estratégias no processo de aprendizagem da língua inglesa (ell) de alunos com tea e sd. Três técnicas de coleta de dados foram usadas, incluindo duas pesquisas com os pais e um diário de pesquisa. Os resultados indicam que: a) a combinação de vários estímulos metodológicos e estratégias de uma variedade de abordagens facilitou a aprendizagem, b) o uso de imagens e pictogramas promoveu a memória, c) o estabelecimento de rotinas claras promoveu habilidades de autorregulação, e d) os desafios para famílias e alunos se transformaram em oportunidades. Concluiu-se que o ensino de inglês online para alunos com tea e sd requer o conhecimento de suas condições e estratégias adequadas a partir de uma abordagem educacional eclética.
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