The role of the first language in hybrid foreign language classes: A sin or a tool?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.11963Schlagworte:
first language use, sociocultural theories, Spanish as a foreign language, online discussions, culture teachingAbstract
The use of the first language (L1) in the foreign language classroom has been highly contested in the last decades. This paper discusses the use of L1 in online activities in hybrid lower-level Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) courses, with a focus on threaded discussions about cultural topics. I first discuss the use of L1 in foreign language (FL) teaching. Second, I present Vygotsky's (1978) postulates about learning, and Cole and Engeström's (2001) activity theory. Third, I conduct an activity analysis of the SFL class to further narrow it down to L1 use in the discussion boards. By looking at the discussion boards through the lens of sociocultural theories, I claim that the use of L1 is a necessary cognitive tool for fostering inter-cultural learning through online discussions in SFL classes.
Downloads
Literaturhinweise
Akyel, A., & Kamişli, S. (1996). Composing in first and second languages: Possible effects of EFL writing instruction. Paper presented at the
Balkan Conference on English Language Teaching of the International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language, September 5-7, Istambul, Turkey.
Antón, M., & DiCamilla, F. (1998). Socio-cognitive functions of L1 collaborative interaction in the L2 classroom. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 54(3), 314-342.
Auerbach, E. (1993). Reexamining English only in the ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 27(1), 9-32.
Ballman, T., Liskin-Gasparro, J., & Mandell, P. (2001). The communicative classroom: AATSP Professional Development (Vol. 2). Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
Bauer, B., deBenedette, L., Furstenberg, G., Levet, S., & Waryn, S. (2006). The Cultura project. In J., Belz, & S., Thorne (Eds.), Internet-mediated intercultural foreign language education (pp. 31- 62). Boston, MA: Thomson Heinle.
Belz, J. (2003a). Identity, deficiency, and L1 use in foreign language study. In C., Blyth (Ed.), The sociolinguistics of foreign language classrooms: Contributions of the native, near-native and the non-native speaker (pp. 209-250). Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
Belz, J. (2003b). Linguistic perspectives on the development of intercultural competence in telecollaboration. Language Learning and Technology, 7(2), 68-117. Retrieved from http://llt.msu.edu/vol7num2/belz/default.html
Belz, J., & Thorne, S. (2006). Internet-mediated intercultural foreign language education and the intercultural speaker (Introduction). In J. Belz, & S. Thorne (Eds.), Internet-mediated intercultural foreign language education (pp. x-xxv). Boston, MA: Thomson Heinle. Berman, R. (1994). EFL essay writing: L1 versus L2 instruction. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of TESOL, March 8-12, Baltimore, MD.
Blackboard Academic Suite Brochure (2007). Retrieved from http://www.blackboard.com/clientcollateral/Academic_Suite_Brochure_ New.pdf
Brooks, F., & Donato, R. (1994). Vygotskyan approaches to understanding foreign language learner discourse during communicative tasks. Hispania, 77, 262-274.
Burnett, J. (1998). Language alternation in a computer- equipped foreign language classroom: The intersection of teacher beliefs, language, and technology. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 55(1), 97-123.
Chavez, M. (2003). The diglossic foreign-language classroom: Learners' views on L1 and L2 functions. In C., Blyth (Ed.), The sociolinguistics of foreign language classrooms: Contributions of the native, near-native and the non-native speaker (pp. 163-208). Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
Cole, M., & Engeström, C. (2001). A cultural-historical approach to distributed cognition. In G., Salomon (Ed.), Distributed cognitions:
Psychological and educational considerations (pp. 1-46). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Cook, V. (2001). Using the first language in the classroom. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(3), 402-423.
Crerand, M. (1993). From first language literacy to second language proficiency to second language literacy: the act of writing in a foreign language context. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, April 12-16, Atlanta, GA.
De Guerrero, M., & Villamil, O. (1994). Social-cognitive dimensions of interaction in L2 peer revision. The Modern Language Journal, 78(4), 484-496.
Dubriel, S. (2006). Gaining perspective on culture through CALL. In L., Ducate, & N., Arnold (Eds.), Calling on CALL: from theory and research to new directions in foreign language teaching (pp. 237-268). San Marcos, TX: CALICO.
Duff, P., & Polio, C. (1990). How much foreign language is there in the foreign language classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 74, 154-166.
Ellis, R. (2001). SLA research and language teaching. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Hancock, M. (1997). Behind classroom code switching: layering and language choice in L2 learner interaction. TESOL Quarterly, 31(2), 217-235.
Knutson, E. (2006). Cross-cultural awareness for second/ foreign language learners. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 62(4), 591-610.
Legenhausen, L. (1991). Code-switching in learner's discourse. IRAL, 29(1), 61-73.
Levine, G. (2003). Student and instructor beliefs and attitudes about target language use, first language use, and anxiety: report of a questionnaire study. The Modern Language Journal, 87(3), 343-364.
Liebscher, G., & Dailey-O'Cain, J. (2005). Learner code-switching in the content-based foreign language classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 89(2), 234-247.
Macaro, E. (2001). Analysing student teachers' codeswitching in foreign language classrooms: theories and decision making. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 531-548.
Moore, D. (2002). Code-switching and learning in the classroom. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 5(5), 279-293.
O'Dowd, R. (2003). Understanding the ''Other Side'': intercultural learning in a Spanish e-mail exchange. Language Learning and Technology, 7(2), 118-144. Retrieved from http://llt.msu.edu/vol7num2/odowd
Omaggio-Hadley, A. (2001). Teaching language in context. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
Oskoz, A., & Elola, I. (2008). Blogging: fostering intercultural competence development in foreign language and study abroad contexts. Foreign Language Annals, 41(3), 454-477.
Pennington, M., & So, S. (1993). Comparing writing process and product across two languages: a study of 6 Singaporean university student writers. Journal of Second Language Writing, 2(1), 41-63.
Poulisse, N., & Bongaerts, T. (1994). First language use in second language production. Applied Linguistics, 15(1), 36-57.
Qi, D. (1998). An inquiry into language-switching in second language composing processes. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 54(3), 413-435.
Sasaki, M., & Hirose, K. (1996). Explanatory variables for EFL students' expository writing. Language Learning, 46(1), 137-174.
Schweers, C. (1995). He uses a square shirt: First language transfer in the writing of Hispanic ESL learners. Viewpoints. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 386924)
Sengupta, S. (2001). Exchanging ideas with peers in network-based classrooms: an aid or a pain? Language Learning and Techonology, 5(1). 103-134.
Swain, M. (2000). The output hypothesis and beyond: Mediating acquisition through collaborative dialogue. In J. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural theory & second language learning. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (1998). Interaction and second language learning: two adolescent French immersion students working together. The Modern Language Journal, 82(3), 320-337.
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2000). Task-based second language learning: the uses of the first language. Language Teaching Research, 4(3), 251-274.
Thorne, S. (2003). Artifacts and cultures-of-use in intercultural communication. Language Learning and Technology, 7(2). 38-67. Retrieved
from http://llt.msu.edu/vol7num2/thorne/
Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wang, W., & Wen, Q. (2002). L1 use in the L2 composing process: an exploratory study of 16 Chinese EFL writers. Journal of Second Language Writing, 11, 225-246.
Wertsch, J. (1997). Voices of the mind: a sociocultural approach to mediated action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Whalen, K., & Ménard, N. (1995). L1 and L2 writers' strategic and linguistic knowledge: a model of multiple-level discourse processing. Language Learning, 45(3), 381-418.
Woodall, B. (2002). Language-switching: using the first language while writing in a second language. Journal of Second Language Writing, 11, 7-28.
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2012 Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht-kommerziell - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International.